constructing born haber cycles

Question 1

2 factors that effect strength of ionic bonding

Answer 1

size of ions and charge of ions

Question 2

when does ionic bond strength increase

Answer 2

when ions smaller and have higher charges

Question 3

what happens if ionic bonding is stronger

Answer 3

the lattice enthalpy is more exothermic

Question 4

lattice enthalpy definition

Answer 4

enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic solid is formed from its constituent ions in the gas state

Question 5

first step of alternative route for lattice enthalpies hess cycle

Answer 5

separation
-negative of enthalpy formation

Question 6

second stage in hess law alternative route to

Answer 6

atomisation
-element in its standard state
-1/2cl2 —>CL

Question 7

enthalpy change of separation

Answer 7

enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is separated into its constituent ions in their gas phase

Question 8

when can you link enthalpy of atomisation and bond dissociation

Answer 8

when elements in standard states are gaseous
-when they are covalently bonded

Question 9

third step in alternative route in lattice enthalpies

Answer 9

electron affinity calculated using ionisation energies

Question 10

fourth and last step of alternative route lattice enthalpies

Answer 10

adding electrons
electron affinities

Question 11

is lattice enthalpy exo or endo

Answer 11

exothermic

Question 12

equation for calculating lattice enthalpy

Answer 12

formation= everything else added together
then rearrange for lattice enthalpy

Question 13

equation when lattice dissociation is used

Answer 13

formation+ lattice dissociation = everything else

Question 14

perfect ionic model

Answer 14

all ions perfectly spherical and all bonding ionic

Question 15

what does theoretical values not account for

Answer 15

covalent character in bonding

Question 16

what suggest if something has larger covalent character or not

Answer 16

the difference between theoretical and experimental values

Question 17

what happens to anion as it bonds with cation

Answer 17

its electron cloud distorts and it becomes polarised by the cation

Question 18

what makes ion more polarising

Answer 18

small and higher charge

Question 19

which ions have highest polarising power

Answer 19

small
high charge
have positive charge

Question 20

polarisability

Answer 20

larger and more highly charges ions

Question 21

factors that affect polarisation

Answer 21

polarising power of cation
polarisability of anion

Question 22

whats an exception exam question to polarization rules

Answer 22

silver halides

Question 23

example of comparing bonding

Answer 23

NaCl has larger difference in theoretical and experimental lattice enthalpies
-NaCl has a larger amount og covalent character
-NaCl has larger amount of polarisation
-since anions comparing both Na- this mean Ag+ must have higher polarising power than Na+

Question 24

how to answer silver halides question on polarization

Answer 24

AgBr has a larger difference in the theoretical and experimental lattice enthalpies
-AgBr has a larger amount of covalent character

Question 25

what are hydrated ions held together by

Answer 25

ion dipole forces

Question 26

enthalpy of solution

Answer 26

when one mole of a solute in its standard state dissolves in water to form aqueous ions

Question 27

enthalpy of hydration

Answer 27

when one mole of gaseous ions are converted to aqueous ions

Question 28

factors that determine strength between ions and polar water molecules

Answer 28

magnitude of ions charge and size of ion