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American Studies 7th Grade > Constitution Quest #1 > Flashcards

Constitution Quest #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the legislative branch do?

A

Makes the laws

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2
Q

What does the executive branch do?

A

Enforces the laws

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3
Q

What does the judicial branch do?

A

Interprets the laws

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4
Q

What are the two houses of congress?

A

The house of representatives and the senate

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5
Q

Which is the smaller house of congress?

A

The senate

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6
Q

Which is the larger house of congress?

A

House of representative

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7
Q

How many people do each house have?

A

435 in the house of representatives and 100 in the senate

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8
Q

How did the delegates from the Virginia plan want to handle voting among the states?

A

By population

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9
Q

How did the delegates from the New Jersey plan want to handle voting among the states?

A

Equal votes per stae

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10
Q

What was the great compromise (Roger Sherman/CT compromise)?

A

There would be two houses that would do both

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11
Q

What are two checks that Congress has over the President?

A

Override a law and impeachment

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12
Q

What is a check the Judicial Branch has over congress?

A

Judicial Review

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13
Q

What is a check the president has over the Supreme court?

A

Pardon (takes someone proven guilty of charge out of jail)

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14
Q

How did the delegates separate powers?

A

3 branches, Executive, Legislative and Judicial

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15
Q

Why did the delegates separate powers?

A

Because what they king was doing was tyranny and they did not want one all powerful person

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16
Q

What is a census?

A

A census is when the amount of people in a state is counted to figure out how many electoral votes each state gets

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17
Q

What is the point of a census?

A

To find out how many electoral votes each state gets

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18
Q

How often is a census taken?

A

Every 10 years

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19
Q

What is the length of a term for a house member?

A

2 years

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20
Q

Which house is the lower house and which is the upper?

A

Lower: House of reps
Upper: Senate

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21
Q

What is the length of a term for a senator?

A

6 years

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22
Q

What is the length of a term for a president?

A

4 years

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23
Q

How many times can a house member a senator and a president run for re-election?

A

House member: Unlimited
Senator: Unlimited
President: 2 terms maximum

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24
Q

What are electors?

A

People who are sworn to vote to one candidate and give that candidate all of the electoral votes in the state.

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25
Q

What is a Monarchy?

A

Ruled by one

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26
Q

What is an Oligarchy?

A

Ruled by a few

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27
Q

What is a Democracy?

A

Ruled by a majority

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28
Q

What are the basic forms of government?

A

Monarchy, Oligarchy, Democracy, Republic, Anarchy.

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29
Q

What is a republic?

A

Ruled by law

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30
Q

What is an Anarchy?

A

Anarchy ruled by no one

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31
Q

What forms of government do not really exists?

A

Anarchy, Monarchy, Democracy

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32
Q

What was the USA’s initial rule book?

A

The articles of confederation

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33
Q

What are the articles of confederation state?

A

The USA’s initial rule book

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34
Q

Steps to create the constitution?

A

Make a constitution, make the laws, everybody lives by the laws

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35
Q

How to pass a law?

A

Congress writes a law, 50% of the house and 50% of the senate need to agree, president can sign or veto, if vetoed congress can get super majority (2/3 house and 2/3 senate) and then overrides the law

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36
Q

How to overturn a law?

A

If a law is unconstitutional the judicial branch can overturn a law if it is unconstitutional

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37
Q

What is the process of overturning a law called?

A

Judicial review

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38
Q

What are the 4 main members of the presidents cabinet?

A

Secretary of State, Secretary of defense, Secretary of the treasury and the department of justice/attorney general

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39
Q

What is the check congress has over the president when the president appoints his cabinet?

A

They have to approve of his or her choices

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40
Q

What is the power/check called where a judge or president can be “fired” and which branch holds this power?

A

Impeachment and the legislative branch, the house accuses and the senate decides whether to impeach

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41
Q

How can the constitution be amended?

A

2/3 of the house and 2/3 of the senate and 38 states need to agree

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42
Q

What government has more power, federal or state?

A

Federal always wins (supreme law of the land)

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43
Q

What is a ratification?

A

The approval of an act

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44
Q

It is the states government justification on what type of problem?

A

Intrastate problems, within one state

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45
Q

It is the federal government justification on what type of problem?

A

On interstate (between states) or international conflict

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46
Q

What is the difference between interstate and intrastate?

A

Interstate: Between two states
Intrastate: Between a state

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47
Q

Who votes for the president?

A

Electors

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48
Q

How many electoral votes does a presidents need to get to win the election and how many possible electoral votes are there?

A

270 and 538

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49
Q

How many electoral votes does a presidents need to get to win the election and how many possible electoral votes are there?

A

270 and 538 and the delegates get all or nothing per state

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50
Q

What was the 1st amendment?

A

Political and religious freedom

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51
Q

What was the 2nd amendment?

A

Right to bear arms

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52
Q

What was the 3rd amendment?

A

Quartering of soldiers

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53
Q

What was the 4th amendment?

A

Search and seizure

54
Q

What was the 5th amendment?

A

Grand juries, double jeopardy, self incrimination, due process

55
Q

What was the 6th amendment?

A

Rights of the accused

56
Q

What was the 7th amendment?

A

Right to civil trial by jury

57
Q

What was the 8th amendment?

A

Bail and punishment

58
Q

What was the 9th amendment?

A

Not an exhaustive list of rights

59
Q

What was the 10th amendment?

A

All powers not discussed belongs to the states or the people

60
Q

What are checks and balances?

A

Each branch can check each other so no branch is all powerful

61
Q

Secretary of defense

A

In charge of the defense department and the military

62
Q

Secretary of state

A

In charge of the state department and of foreign affairs

63
Q

Secretary of the treasury

A

Deals with all financial and monetary matters directly related to the government

64
Q

Secretary of justice

A

The department of the federal executive branch headed by the attorney general and administers the FBI

65
Q

What are ambassadors

A

A diplomat sent by a country to a country as its official representative

66
Q

How to pass treaties

A

The president negotiates and the senate ⅔ of the senate has to ratify it

67
Q

How to join wars

A

To join a war the US has to get 50% of each house in congress and the president has to agree

68
Q

What is the presidents cabinet?

A

The presidents highest advisors

69
Q

What was the NJ plan?

A

Equal votes per state

70
Q

What was the Virginia plan?

A

By population

71
Q

Who elects the president and how do they elect them?

A

Electors, each state is given a certain number of electoral votes and which ever candidate the state gives the majority of gets all of the states electoral votes

72
Q

How many total electoral votes are there?

A

538

73
Q

How many total electoral votes are needed to win?

A

270

74
Q

What was the great compromise?

A

That there would be two houses that would do equal and population voting

75
Q

How to amend the constitution?

A

To amend the constitution there needs to be ⅔ of the house and ⅔ of the senate in agreement and ¾ of the states which is 37.5, so 38 states need to be in agreement

76
Q

Ratification definition?

A

It is the official way to confirm something, usually by vote

77
Q

1st amendment

A

Political and religious freedom

78
Q

2nd amendment

A

The right to bear arms

79
Q

3rd amendment

A

Quartering of soldiers

80
Q

4th amendment

A

Search and seizure

81
Q

5th amendment

A

Grand juries, double jeopardy, self incrimination, due process

82
Q

6th amendment

A

Rights of the accused

83
Q

7th amendment

A

Right to civil trial by jury

84
Q

8th amendment

A

Bail and punishment

85
Q

9th amendment

A

Not an exhaustive list of rights

86
Q

10th amendment

A

All powers not discussed belongs to the state or people

87
Q

What is an amendment?

A

Something that is added to something to improve it

88
Q

vetoes

A

When a law is denied

89
Q

overrides

A

When congress gets a super majority

90
Q

judicial review

A

if a law is unconstitutional the judicial branch can overturn it

91
Q

pardons

A

the president can take a man put in jail by the supreme court out of jail

92
Q

impeachment

A

when a president or a judge is fired during bad behavior by congress

93
Q

appointment

A

the president can appoint its cabinet and judges

94
Q

confirmation

A

congress has to approve of the presidents cabinet

95
Q

What are popular votes?

A

Votes that are based off of how the people voted

96
Q

What are electoral votes?

A

The choice expressed collectively by the electoral college, which determines the winner of elections for president and vice president in the US.

97
Q

What is the difference between popular and electoral votes?

A

Electoral determines the winner, popular votes do not matter

98
Q

What does the attorney general do?

A

Prosecutor, head of law enforcement, police and FBI

99
Q

What does the Secretary of state do?

A

In charge of foreign affairs

100
Q

What does the Secretary defense do?

A

Head of the military

101
Q

What does the secretary of the treasury do?

A

In charge of money

102
Q

What is the age at which an American citizen can become president?

A

35

103
Q

Who focuses on foreign affairs and in what department?

A

The secretary of state and the state department

104
Q

Who focuses on law enforcement and in what department?

A

Attorney general and department of justice

105
Q

What is the name of the presidents closets advisors?

A

The presidents cabinet

106
Q

Which state would a presidential candidate most likely visit the most?

A

California

107
Q

What is the math used to calculate the amount of electoral votes?

A

Representatives + Senators + 3 for DC

108
Q

What is the maximum number of terms the president can serve for?

A

2

109
Q

What is the term limit for a supreme court justice?

A

For life during good behavior

110
Q

What is the number of supreme court justices?

A

It is supposed to be 9

111
Q

What is the term given to the ability of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional?

A

Judicial review

112
Q

What are the two steps necessary to become a supreme court justice?

A

To be appointed by the president and confirmed by 50% of the senate

113
Q

The role of the judicial branch is to_____ the laws.

A

Interpret

114
Q

A US senator is elected for___ years and can serve for_____ terms.

A

6 years and unlimited terms

115
Q

A US representative is elected for_____ years and can serve____ terms.

A

2 years and unlimited terms

116
Q

Why is the house given the role of originating tax laws?

A

Because they favor the people and the founding fathers would want less taxes on the people because GB taxed them way to much

117
Q

Why do the senators vote to confirm appointees and ratify treaties when the House has no role?

A

Because they are the upper house of congress, more educated and more experienced

118
Q

Congress can “undo” a presidential veto by doing what?

A

An override

119
Q

What was the plan of the government that favored the large states?

A

The Virginia plan

120
Q

What was the plan of government that favored small states?

A

The New Jersey plan

121
Q

What was the states plan that was known as the great compromise?

A

The Connecticut compromise

122
Q

What is it called when the power of one branch of government blocks another branch of government?

A

Checks and balances (checks is more exact)

123
Q

What was the Document that was replaced by the Constitution?

A

The articles of confederation

124
Q

What is the term given to bring formal charges against a President or judge, what is the process?

A

Impeachment, House: Acuse, Senate: Decide

125
Q

What amendment guarantees the right to free speech and religion?

A

The 1st

126
Q

A census is taken ever____ years, why?

A

10 years and it is to see how many representative each state gets

127
Q

What is it called when a president frees a person accused or convicted of breaking a law?

A

A presidential pardon

128
Q

What is the concept that each branch of government is charged with different jobs?

A

The separation of powers

129
Q

What was the number of states originally needed to ratify the constitution? And now?

A

9 states and now 38

130
Q

How can the constitution be amended today?

A

2/3 of the house of representatives and 2/3 of the senate and 38 (3/4 / 19/25) states

131
Q

How can the judicial branch check the executive branch?

A

They can check them on a regulation on judicial review

American Studies 7th Grade (3 decks)

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