Consonants

Question 1

Alveolar

Answer 1

(hard ridge): T = voiceless D = voiced N = voiced (nasal) L = voiced (later sound- air is going around and below your tongue) S = voiceless Z = voiced ɹ (rhotic)= voiced

Question 2

Bilabial

Answer 2

(two lips): the two lips are closed, before air is released. It gets held up behind the lips - than opens and produces these sounds: P = voiceless B = voiced M = voiced (nasal)

Question 3

Labiodental

Answer 3

(lip and tooth): the sound is made by your top teeth making contact with your bottom lip: F = voiceless V = voiced

Question 4

Voiceless

Answer 4

The vocal folds are pulled apart. No vibrations occur.

Question 5

Voiced

Answer 5

The vocal folds are close together. Air vibrates the vocal folds.

Question 6

Noises that leave the nose

Answer 6

-n = nap
-m = map
-ŋ = sing
-ɱ = symphony or emphasis

Question 7

Interdental

Answer 7

(Between teeth):
θ(theta)(think, bath, etherial) = voiceless
ð(eth edh)(This, though, father) = voiced

Question 8

θ(theta)

Answer 8

Interdental:(Between teeth) (think, bath, etherial) = voiceless

Question 9

ð(eth edh)

Answer 9

Interdental:(This, though, father) = voiced

Question 10

Palatoalveolar/Post-alveolar/Alveopalatal(palate and hard ridge)

Answer 10

ʃ (esh) (Shrimp, bash, lashing) = voiceless
ʒ(ezh) (treasure, azure, vision) = voiced
t͡ʃ(ch) (chirp, batch, chump) = voiceless
d͡ʒ(jchu) (badge, jump, fragile) = voiced

Question 11

ʃ (esh)

Answer 11

Post Alveolar(palate and hard ridge): (Shrimp, bash, lashing) = voiceless

Question 12

ʒ(ezh)

Answer 12

Post Alveolar( palate and hard ridge): (treasure, azure, vision) = voiced

Question 13

t͡ʃ(ch)

Answer 13

Post Alveolar(palate and hard ridge): (chirp, batch, chump) = voiceless

Question 14

d͡ʒ(jchu)

Answer 14

Post Alveolar(palate and hard ridge): (badge, jump, fragile) = voiced

Question 15

Velar (towards the back of the mouth)

Answer 15

K (kick, call, toucan) = voiceless
G (Gone, grumble, bag) = voiced
ŋ (engma) (running, hitting ink) = voiced

Question 16

K

Answer 16

Velar( towards the back of the mouth) (kick, call, toucan) = voiceless

Question 17

G

Answer 17

Velar (towards the back): (Gone, grumble, bag) = voiced

Question 18

ŋ

Answer 18

Velar (towards the back): ŋ (engma) (running, hitting ink) = voiced

Question 19

Glottal (between vocal folds):

Answer 19

ʔ (Uh-oh, button(for some)) = Stops the air at the vocal cords before releasing
H (happy, aha, uh-huh) = voiceless

Question 20

ʔ

Answer 20

Glottal (between vocal folds): (Uh-oh, button(for some) = Stops the air at the vocal cords before releasing

Question 21

H

Answer 21

Glottal (between vocal folds): (happy, aha, uh-huh) = voiceless

Question 22

Fricative

Answer 22

Airflow is continuous and turbulent. You can ‘hold’ these sounds.
English Fricative: f, v, s, z, θ, ð, ʃ, ʒ, h

Question 23

Stop

Answer 23

Airflow is completely obstructed before release. If air goes through the nasal cavity, we call it nasal stop.
English stops: p, B, t, D, k, g, m, n , ŋ, ʔ

Question 24

Affricate

Answer 24

A single sound that “begins” as a stop and releases immediately into a Fricative.
English Affricate: t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ

Question 25

Lateral Liquids

Answer 25

Lateral liquids have air escape through the mouth on the lower sides of the tongue. There is no turbulence: L

Question 26

Rhotic Liquids

Answer 26

Rhotic liquids: curls the tongue backwards and bunches the tongue upward towards the back of the mouth: ɹ

Question 27

Glides

Answer 27

Glides or semivowels, are consonants that are rapidly articulated and virtually identical to a vowel.
-Voiced labiovelar glide, W - watch, uwu, whimper, one (rounding)
-Voiced palatal glide, j - yes, yearn, yam, (j)use val-ue <- noise between l and u