Consolidating the republic Flashcards
When did the Rump Parliament vote to abolish the monarchy and the House of Lords?
February 1649
What was the Engagement Act?
January 1650 requirement that all adult males were to swear loyalty to the Commonwealth.
What was the Treason Act?
July 1650 - made it illegal to deny the authority of the regime
Who led the Scots Covenanters at this point?
Argyll
What was the Convenanter response to the regicide?
Declare Charles Stuart as Charles II of Scotland
How did Charles II win the military support of the Scots?
He took the Covenant
Why did Cromwell’s position at Dunbar look weak?
He had half as many men as the Scots and had no defensive position.
What happened at Dunbar?
Decisive (and surprising) victory for Cromwell
When was the Battle of Dunbar?
3 September 1650
Why did Cromwell win the battle of Dunbar?
Religious motivation of NMA, better supplies and control of the sea, Cromwell’s tactics
When did Cromwell land in Ireland?
August 1649
What was Cromwell’s motivation for the attacks in Ireland?
Consolidation of the republic, revenge for 1641 ‘massacres’
When were the sieges of Drogheda and Wexford?
September 1649
Why is Cromwell’s Irish campaign controversial?
War crimes against Irish - massacre of innocent civilians
How did the Commonwealth control Ireland between 1650 and 1660?
Military occupation
