CONSIDERATIONS AFTER SLAUGHTER Flashcards
Raw Materials in the Production of Slaughterhouse By-products:
- slaughterhouse/ dressing plant condemns
- dead animals
- bone (green or dry)
- unserviceable hides, skins or pelts
- blood
- tannery fleshings and trimmings
- feathers
Slaughterhouse By-products from Rendering:
- industrial fats and tallow
- bone meal
- feather meal
- stock feeds and poultry feeds
- fertilizer
This is necessary to avoid complains and litigation problems. It can be done effectively through the use of water vapor condensers. Proper siting of rendering area and wind direction should be considered in the planning and construction of rendering facilities.
control of odors
Precautions should also be taken to ensure destruction of pathogens, e.g. by proper heat treatment, to minimize the likelihood of their transmission by rendered inedible products used in animal feed.
destruction of pathogens
animal and vegetable wastes are used in biogas production for heat, light and power generation.
Methane gas production
Materials that may be used in Methane gas Production:
- manure
- effluents
- ruminal contents
- blood
- urine
- rejected fruit
- vegetable wastes
- grain offal
- straws
- stalks
- chaff
- grass
- weeds
- household wastes
CONSIDERATIONS DURING STORAGE AND
DISTRICUTION OF CARCASS MEATS
I. MEAT REFRIGERATION
II. MEAT TRANSPORT
III. MEAT MARKET
the process of reducing and maintaining the temperature of a space or material
below the temperature of the surroundings.
refrigeration
to slow down or arrest microbiological, biochemical and other changes that result to meat spoilage
purpose of refrigeration
2 STEPS INVOLVED IN MEAT REFRIGERATION:
A. Chilling of carcasses/ sides
B. Freezing, after deboning
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN CHILLING:
- Cold Shortening
- Weight Loss
- Condensation
= This is the toughening of meat (due to contraction of muscle fibers) when subjected to a temperature below 10o
C or lower w/in 10-12 hrs. after slaughter or before onset of rigor mortis.
= This is not a problem in pig carcasses, but a common problem with mutton (sheep) and beef carcasses.
cold shortening
current is passed from one electrode to another, both of which are placed in
the rectum of the carcass very soon after stunning and sticking. Nerves in the rectum conduct the current resulting in effective stimulation of the hindquarter primal cuts.
rectal system
an electrode is inserted in or attached to the nostril, and another electrode is inserted in the rectum after stunning and sticking. If applied within 8 minutes of stunning, this system stimulates the nervous system in the spinal region, as well as the rectum, resulting in effective stimulation of the cube roll (muscles of the rib) and the hind quarter primal cuts.
Nostril-rectal system
an electrode is attached to the nostril. The other electrode is on a rubbing bar which touches the leg of the carcass as it passes. The rubbing bar should contact with the carcass at the region between the pin bone and the stifle joint.
Nostril-leg (rubbing bar) system