Conservatism: types

Question 1

When did Traditional Conservatism emerge and why?

Answer 1

late 1700s

Response to French Revolution & Enlightenment

Question 2

Who is the most well-known traditional conservative thinker?

Answer 2

Edmund Burke

Question 3

What are key principles of Traditional Conservatism?

Answer 3

Organic Society

Gradual Reform

Pragmatism

Tradition

Question 4

What is the concept of an Organic Society in Traditional Conservatism?

Answer 4

Complex RS between parts of society work together for harmony and functionality

Question 5

What does Hierarchy mean in Traditional Conservatism?

Answer 5

People are not equal and different jobs require different societal groups

Question 6

What is the importance of Gradual Reform in Traditional Conservatism?

Answer 6

Change should be gradual

->ensures social cohesion

Sudden/radical change is harmful

Question 7

What is the role of Pragmatism in Traditional Conservatism?

Answer 7

ideological atttempts to create a perfect society will fail

Practical experience is essential

Question 8

How does Tradition function in Traditional Conservatism?

Answer 8

Past wisdom- seen in institutions like religion and monarchy

Holds society together

Question 9

key thinkers associated with Traditional Conservatism?

Answer 9

Edmund Burke

Thomas Hobbes

Question 10

When did One Nation Conservatism emerge and why?

Answer 10

1800s

Threats to laissez-faire capitalism
Increased industrialisation

Question 11

Who is considered the founder of One Nation Conservatism?

Answer 11

PM Benjamin Disraeli

Question 12

What are the main ideas of One Nation Conservatism?

Answer 12

Maintain tradition

Imperialism

Social reform

Question 13

What is the significance of social reform in One Nation Conservatism?

Answer 13

Offset negative effects of laissez-faire capitalism

Reduce chances of revolution

Question 14

How do One Nation conservatives view state intervention?

Answer 14

Reject excessive state intervention in personal freedoms

Question 15

What economic approach have One Nation conservative governments used?

Answer 15

Keynesian economics
-> increase employment
->provide welfare

Question 16

Who championed the New Right in the 1970s?

Answer 16

Margaret Thatcher

Question 17

What two elements does the New Right combine?

Answer 17

Neo-liberalism

Neo-conservatism

Question 18

What are the main ideas of the New Right?

Answer 18

Radical opposition to social and economic intervention
traditional values
reactionary policies

Question 19

What does Neo-Liberalism advocate for?

Answer 19

Minimal state

Individual freedom

FM economy

Question 20

What is the role of a Minimal State in Neo-Liberalism?

Answer 20

Avoid economic inefficiency
created by nationalisation and high taxation

Question 21

What is the importance of Individual Freedom in Neo-Liberalism?

Answer 21

People should be self-sufficient

Not rely on state welfare

Stops dependency

Question 22

How does Free Market Economics function in Neo-Liberalism?

Answer 22

Meets consumer demand

Creates prosperity

Achieves results without gov intervention

Question 23

What does Neo-Conservatism advocate for?

Answer 23

Social order

Tradition

Public morality

Question 24

What is the role of Social Order in Neo-Conservatism?

Answer 24

Strong political leadership

Maintain societal cohesion

Question 25

How does Tradition contribute to Neo-Conservatism?

Answer 25

Uphold traditional values eg religion

Maintains social discipline

Question 26

What is the stance on Public Morality in Neo-Conservatism?

Answer 26

Reject alt lifestyles
eg gay marriage

Avoid undermining social cohesion