Conservatism

Question 1

What are the five key principles of traditional conservatism

Answer 1

1. Society is like a living organ (organicism)
2. Hierarchy
3. Traditional institutions
4. Pragmatism
5. Gradual Reform

Question 2

What was Edmund Burkes theory of natural aristocracy

Answer 2

There should be a small governing elite drawn from the hereditary aristocracy and there are limited few who were able to do so

Question 3

Define noblesse oblique

Answer 3

Those in authority were best place ,and had the duty to, make decisions on behalf of society as a whole

Question 4

What was the enlightenment

Answer 4

It was an 18th-century European intellectual movement that stressed the importance of human reason through science

Question 5

What is one nation conservatism

Answer 5

One nation conservatism emerged in the 19 century in response to the impact of laissez-faire capitalism and industrialisation founded by Benjamin Disraeli

Question 6

What were the three key ideas of one nation conservatism

Answer 6

1. Maintenance of traditional institutions
2. Support for imperialism
3. Social and other reforms for the working class

Question 7

What was Harold McMillan’s approach to one nation conservatism

Answer 7

Harold McMillan used Keynesian economics which he referred to as the middle way between unrestrained liberalism and socialist collectivism

Question 8

What is the new right

Answer 8

New right conservatism emerged in the 1970s as a rival to one nation conservatism brought together by two strands; Neo liberalism and neo conservatism

Question 9

Why did the new right gain traction in the 1970s

Answer 9

New right-thinking gained momentum as interventionist policies of Western governments failed to combat stagflation and it became very popular with Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan

Question 10

Define neoliberalism

Answer 10

An updated form of classical liberalism that calls for a free-market economy minimal state intervention and individual freedom

Question 11

Define neoconservatism

Answer 11

A modified version of traditional conservatism that emphasises social order traditional values and public morality

Question 12

What are the three features of the new right

Answer 12

1. Traditional
2. Radical
3. Reactionary

Question 13

What are the four key principles of neoliberalism

Answer 13

1. Freemarket
2. Inflation combat
3. Rejection of government intervention
4. Atomistic individualism

Question 14

What are the three key features of neoconservatism

Answer 14

1. Social order
2. Traditional values
3. Public morality