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Conservation > Conservation Science Intro > Flashcards

Conservation Science Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Who published a paper introducing the idea of conservation biology and when?

A

Michael Soule, 1985

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2
Q

What is conservation biology?

A

It addresses the problems of threatened species

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3
Q

Who began the idea of conservation science and when?

A

Kareiva and Marvier, 2012

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4
Q

What is conservation science?

A

It’s a broader framework

In order to achieve conservation we need to include humans and their impacts

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5
Q

What proportion of the worlds plant and animal species may face extinction?

A

1/4th

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6
Q

What are Soule’s postulates on conservation biology?

A
  1. High diversity of organisms is good
  2. Ecological complexity is good
  3. Evolution and genetic diversity is good
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7
Q

What is instrinsic biology?

Give an example

A

Protecting the environment for its own sake

Conservation biology

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8
Q

What are some of the instruments used in conservation biology?

A

Designing protected areas- SLOSS

Calculating the minimum viable population to maintain it

CITES

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9
Q

What is CITES?

A

An international agreement between governments to ensure that international trade in wild animals and plants doesn’t threaten their survival

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10
Q

What is minimum viable population (MVP)?

A

The minimum size of a population to maintain it

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11
Q

What does SLOSS stand for?

A

Single large or several small

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12
Q

What are the postulates of conservation science?

A
  1. Human well-being is integral to the conservation concept
  2. Jointly maximise the benefits to people and biodiversity through the application of social and natural sciences
  3. It’s evidence based- develop a body of quantitative evidence
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13
Q

What is instrumental value biology?

Give an example

A

Where we must save nature to help ourselves

Conservation science

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14
Q

What do the 17 sustainable development goals set out to do?

A

Not only for conservation and biodiversity, also for reducing things like poverty

All the goals are inter-linked, e.g having clean air is good for the plants and forests, forests are good for people etc.

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15
Q

What is background rate extinction?

A

Extinction that occurs naturally through evolution and is at a rate of 0.1 extinctions per million species per year

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16
Q

What percentage of species have to be lost for there to be a mass extinction?

A

75%

17
Q

When were the 5 mass extinctions?

A
  1. Ordovician: 86%
  2. Devonian: 75%
  3. Permian: 80%
  4. Triassic: 80%
  5. Cretaceous: 76%
18
Q

What is the dominant driver behind biodiversity loss?

A

Land use change

19
Q

What is the second driver behind biodiversity loss?

A

Climate change

20
Q

Give some recent extinction examples:

A

Golden toad, is 1989

Yangtse river dolphin, 2006

Western black rhino, 2011

Pyrenean ibex, 2000

21
Q

Give two examples of successes in conservation:

A

Recovery of southern white rhino

The golden lion tamarin

22
Q

What measures were put in place to increase Southern white rhino populations?

A

Translocation and re-stocking, creation of protected areas and breeding on private ranches

Now there are more than 20,000 individuals

23
Q

What measures were put into place to increase golden lion tamarin populations?

A

Translocation, reforestation and new protected areas

1/3rd of population came from captive stock

24
Q

Give two examples of failures in conservation:

A

Decline of the Northern white rhino

Decline of the Bornean orang utan

25
Q

What percentage of protected areas are experiencing an erosion of biodiversity?

A

50%

26
Q

What percentage of the public prioritise the environment over business, and what percent in 1984?

A

36% now

61% in 1984

27
Q

How do we adapt the way we manage land?

A

Manage protected areas

Manage the important land that surrounds the protected area e.g. migration corridors, water sources etc.

Look into ecosystem services

28
Q

What is the definition of anthropocene? When was the beginning?

A

When human activity started to influence the global environment, including land surface transformation and changing the composition of the atmosphere

1610-1964

Conservation (6 decks)

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