conservation, preservation and sustainability

Question 1

what is the difference between conservation and preservation

Answer 1

conservation is the active management involving human intervention whereas preservation is keeping species and habitats as they are, eliminating any humans effect an ecosystems that exist

Question 2

give examples of conservation strategies

Answer 2

-national parks
-green belt land
-sites of special scientific interest
-legal protection of endangered species
-conserving ex situ e.g zoos and botanic gardens

Question 3

what are some management strategies to maintain biodiversity

Answer 3

-provide more food to increase carrying capacity
-more individuals to increase populations
-restrict dispersal by fencing
-control of predators and poachers
-vaccination against disease

Question 4

what are the different reseaons for conservation

Answer 4

ethical:
humans have a responsibility to maintain biodiversity, every species have value

social:
recreation activity, well being, ecotourism

economic:
medicinal properties in plants maintain genetic diversity for selective breeding, species harvested for food, resources

Question 5

what is sustainable management
examples?

Answer 5

-biodiversity is maintained whilst ensuring resources are available and maintaining their economic benefits

e.g managing timber production:
-small scale= coppicing, pollarding
-large scale- no clear felling

managing fishstocks
-fisheries, aquaculture

Question 6

what is coppicing
what is pollarding

Answer 6

coppicing- cut tree close to base, leaving stump for regrowth
pollarding- cut stem higher up, prevent animals eating new shoots

Question 7

explain management of fisheries what is aquaculture

Answer 7

-avoid over fishing, maintain fish population at carrying capacity, must do no damage to local habitat, fisheries must be prepared to abide to local, national, international law

raising fish stock in controlled conditions, restrict impact of harvesting fish on ocean fish stocks

Question 8

what do humans use resources for?

what are ways humans manage resources and conservation

Answer 8

-building materials
-fuel
-agriculture
-animal feed
-food
-tools

-initiatives set up with locals
-protected areas e.g national parks
-legislation

Question 9

describe the process of coppicing and potential benefits to biodiversity of a woodland

Answer 9

-cutting tree close to base
-rotational coppicing
-several new shoots grow from cut surface
-trees grow back faster

-prevents soil erosion, maintains quality of soil
-fewer larger trees= more light reaching smaller plants
-provides variety of habitats