Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 1

What does conservation require?

Answer 1

A balance between biodiversity and economic welfare

Question 2

Example of balancing conservation…

Answer 2

Local fishermen as conservation workers with tourist development and educational materials

Question 3

Sustinable Development

Answer 3

Refers to economic development satisfying present and future needs without infringing biodiversity impacts

Question 4

What does SD imply?

Answer 4

Economic development and limiting unsustainable economic growth

Question 5

Example of local conservation…

Answer 5

Netherlands, half of protected areas are privately owned or in US where 15 million HA protected by local trusts

Question 6

Example of local conservation in Britain…

Answer 6

Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, managing 200 reserves with 130,000ha

Question 7

When are conservation easemenets given out?

Answer 7

Landowners forgo developing infrastructure

Question 8

Conservation Leasing

Answer 8

Payment to private landowners to actively manage their land for biodiversity production

Question 9

Payments for Ecosystem Services

Answer 9

Payment to landowners for providing conservation services with potential of gaining carbon credits to offset carbon emissions

Question 10

Criticisms of payments for conservation…

Answer 10

Elitist views on tax breaks for those wealthy enough to afford lnad

Question 11

How can national level conservation occur?

Answer 11

Exports and Imports, banning of industries like logging or restriction of log imports, or taxation.

Question 12

Protecting endangered species in trade…

Answer 12

CITES or protection of habitats/national enforcement

Question 13

Example of trade regulation of species…

Answer 13

Green Sea Turtle at Tortuguero Beach in Costa Rica with banning of egg collection then export of turtle products

Question 14

Endangered Species Act

Answer 14

This protects species falling under endangered and threatened with conservation programs

Question 15

Example of ESA being initiated…

Answer 15

US agencies interact with organisations to determine a project effects listed species

Question 16

What is a limiting factor of limiting species?

Answer 16

Economic costs of listing them

Question 17

Example of conflict of economy and biodiversity…

Answer 17

Snail darter preventing major dam projects

Question 18

What is traditional society conservation based on?

Answer 18

Indigenous tribes regard cultural importance to their habitats

Question 19

Current state of indigenous tribes…

Answer 19

370 million people in 70 countries occupying 12-191% of land surface

Question 20

Ameridian Peopl

Answer 20

Amazonian tribe occupying 100 million ha of diverse habitats

Question 21

How can locals be incentivised to conservation?

Answer 21

Subsidization as landrace custodians

Question 22

Example of tribal culture and environment conflict…

Answer 22

68,000 rubber tapper families, with Chico Mendes assassination in 1988 drawing attention, with low deforestation due to link with rubber tapping

Question 23

What do Payment for Ecosystem Services link?

Answer 23

Economic developmenet and sustainability

Question 24

Example of Payment for Ecosystem Services…

Answer 24

Cauca Valley in Columbia with overgrazing/deforestation leading to flooding and stream flows, local NGO providing educatio nand training.