Consequence - The Cold War

Question 1

What was the cold war

Answer 1

An ideological struggle between the Communist superpower The Soviet Union (USSR) and the Capitalist superpower The United States of America

Question 2

When was the the cold war waged between

Answer 2

1945 - 1990

Question 3

What was the goal of the superpowers

Answer 3

To stop the spread of each other’s power to expand their influence globally

Question 4

How was the cold war ‘fought’

Answer 4

Foreign Aid
Military support to sympathetic governments (proxy wars)
International defence agreements
Nuclear Arms Race
Space Race
Propaganda

Question 5

What was the Yalta Agreement

Answer 5

Made between the Allied powers in Feburary 1945 detaling what would happen at the end of WW2

Question 6

What was the first point of the Yalta Agreement

Answer 6

The people of the countries freed from German control should be allowed to determine their own government

Question 7

What was the second point of the Yalta Agreement

Answer 7

Germany would be divided into zones controlled by the Allies at the end of the war

Question 8

What was the third point of the Yalta Agreement

Answer 8

The Soviet Union would be given the Eastern part of Poland and Poland would receive parts of East Germany as compensation

Question 9

What was the fourth point of the Yalta Agreement

Answer 9

The United Nations would be established

Question 10

What was the fifth point of the Yalta Agreement

Answer 10

Soviet forces would attack Japanese forces in the East

Question 11

When did Germany surrender

Answer 11

May 1945

Question 12

How many Soviet troops were stationed across the countries of Eastern Europe by the time Germany surrendered

Answer 12

12 million

Question 13

What did Churchill remark in relation to Stalin having unchecked influence in the regions of where the troops were stationed

Answer 13

That an Iron Curtain had descended between Eastern and Western Europe

Question 14

How did Stalin go against his Yalta promise

Answer 14

By denying free elections instead of imposing communist governments on the nations of Eastern Europe by overthrowing leaders and rigging elections

Question 15

What was Stalin’s justification for his actions in relation to the Yalta agreement

Answer 15

“The Soviet Union’s loss of life (in WW2) has been several times greater than taht of Britain and the US put together… So what is so surprising about the Soviet Union, anxious for its future safety, trying to see that loyal governments should exist in these countries”

Question 16

What was the US’s response to the expansion of Soviet influence

Answer 16

The Truman doctrine and the Marshall plan

Question 17

What was the Truman doctrine

Answer 17

Established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces

Question 18

What was the Marshall plan

Answer 18

A program designed to rehabilitate the economies of 17 western and southern Eurpean countries in order to create stable conditions in which democratic insitutions could survive

Question 19

What was the Nuclear Arms Race

Answer 19

The Soviet Union and the USA trying to make the more destructive and powerful bombs, building massive stockpiles of nuclear weapons

Question 20

When did the Nuclear Arms Race peak

Answer 20

1985 - when the Soviets possessed 39,000 nuclear weapons and the US had 23,000

Question 21

What was MAD

Answer 21

Mutally Assured Destruction - The massive amount of weapons acted as a deterrent to the other power and resulted in a stalemate

Question 22

How did the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki tie into this

Answer 22

The use of nuclear weapons on them by the US began the arms race between the US and Soviets.

Question 23

When was the first man made satelite released into orbit

Answer 23

4th October 1957 by the soviets

Question 24

How did the release of the first satelite into orbit cause the space race

Answer 24

Having a soviet device orbiting at times over the US made the public very nervous since while it only is used to transmit radio signals it could also send a nuclear bomb to the US. They also didnt want to seem less technologically advanced than the Soviets

Question 25

What type of politics could the Cold War be definied by

Answer 25

Tit for Tat politics - where both the US and Soviets tried to keep pace with each other and one up each other. This is seen in both the arms and space race

Question 26

When was NATO formed and what was it

Answer 26

Formed in 1949, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) is a full military alliance created by the US, Canada, Britain, France and other western European nations

Question 27

When was the Warsaw Pact formed and what was it

Answer 27

Formed in 1955, it was a collective defence treaty established by the Soviets in response to NATO

Question 28

How long was the Berlin Wall up

Answer 28

1961-1989

Question 29

Why was the Berlin wall built

Answer 29

To stop people escaping the harsh conditions of east Berlin for a more prosperous life in the west

Question 30

How long was the Berlin wall

Answer 30

45 km long

Question 31

Who built the Berlin wall

Answer 31

The Soviets

Question 32

What is a proxy war

Answer 32

A war instigated by powers who do not fight each other directly. Instead they provide monetary and military support to a side to promote their ideology. This way a country can still fight without ever actually declaring war against the enemy they are fighting. Rather they are fighting in support of another force

Question 33

What are two key examples of proxy wars fought during the cold war

Answer 33

The korean war and Vietnam war

Question 34

From which points was the korean war fought

Answer 34

1950-1953

Question 35

Why did the Americans get involved with the korean war?

Answer 35

When Kim II Sung invaded the south, since Truman thought that Kim’s invasion was being pushed by the Soviets and that it was a challenge to the “Free World”

Question 36

How many people died/wounded

Answer 36

Nearly 5 million people died, 40,000 American died and there were 100,000 wounded americans

Question 37

How did China get involved

Answer 37

The Chinese forces felt that the Americans forces were getting too close China counter-attacked on November 1st 1950

Question 38

What were the effects of the Korean war

Answer 38

It was very expensive, both in terms of lives and money.

Question 39

Who was Ho Chi Minh

Answer 39

He fought for liberation from a colonial power and was trying to establish a communist dictatorship in vietnam

Question 40

How were the US involved with the Vietnam war

Answer 40

The Americans supported France to maintain their colonial empire since they were blinded by their fear of communism

Question 41

How much did the vietnam war cost americans

Answer 41

100 billion spent, 58,000 Americans died

Question 42

How many Vietnamese people died

Answer 42

3-4 million people

Question 43

How did the Vietnam war impacted the relationship between American people and their government

Answer 43

Before Vietnam, most Americans trusted their government, even when they knew it did horrible things. But after the war, and largely because of it, the trust was gone

Question 44

When did the vietnam war start and end

Answer 44

1 November 1955 - 30th April 1975