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PSYCH101 > consciousness l and ll > Flashcards

consciousness l and ll Flashcards

1
Q

what is dualism?

A

the mind and body being held seperate

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2
Q

give examples for consciousness, preconsciousness, and unconsciousness

A

conscious: seeing, hearing, current problem-solving
preconscious: memories - mothers maiden name, first pets name
unconcious: unwanted desires

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3
Q

what is the hightrack?

A

in the conscious, deliberate actions, awareness, reflection

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4
Q

what is the low track?

A

in the unconscious, automatic actions, 0 deliberate actions

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5
Q

give examples for both the hightrack and the lowtrack

A

hightrack: problem solving, naming an object
lowtrack: walking, moving your hand

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6
Q

what is the stroop effect?

A

lots of practice reading words makes it automatic, think of example with words of colours coloured in opposite

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7
Q

what is selective attention?

A

focus is on limited number of things in hightrack, we tune out everything else

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8
Q

is the cocktail party effect apart of selective attention or inattention?

A

selective attention, its apart of low track

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9
Q

what is selective inattention?

A

attention is on something specific, so dont notice certain info, inattentional blindess

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10
Q

give example of change blindness

A

magician doing trick in one hand while the other is used to distract the person watching

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11
Q

give example of choice blindness

A

think of the video about jam, where people have an illusion of choice kinda

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12
Q

name the 3 forms of spontaneous consciousness

A

daydreaming, drowsiness, dreaming

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13
Q

name the 3 forms of physiologically induced consciousness

A

hallucinations, orgasm, food/oxygen starvation

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14
Q

name the 3 forms of psychologically induced consciousness

A

sensory deprivation, hypnosis, meditation

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15
Q

give examples of biological rythms

A

period cycle, bird migration, hibernation, circadian ryhtm

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16
Q

what does the circadian rythm affect?

A

body temperature, hormones, arousal/energy levels, ability to digest food

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17
Q

what is the MEQ questionnaire, and what did it find?

A

morningness and eveningness (larks/owls), found that people in 50s+ peak in the day and have around 22hr rhythm, people in 20s peak in the night and have around a 26hr rhythm

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18
Q

caffein consumption and rhythm?

A

longer biorythm: caffeine early in the day
shorter biorythm: caffeine later in the day

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19
Q

personal relationships and rhythms?

A

mismatch in rhythms create interpersonal difficulties

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20
Q

who benefits more from a 9-5 workweek?

A

short biorhythms

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21
Q

examples of why we know biorhythms exist

A

jet lag - takes time to adjust to new cycles of light
timeless room - gradual new schedule of 25hrs

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22
Q

what are sleep stages?

A

patterns of brain waves and muscle activity

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23
Q

what are sleep cycles?

A

pattern of going through all the sleep stages throughout the night

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24
Q

how many sleep stages are there, and what are they?

A

4 in total, REM and then non-REM which is N1, N2, N3

25
Q

what is REM?

A

dreaming, only 25% of total sleep time, heart rate and breathing rates go up

26
Q

what is non-REM?

A

slow brainwaves, deep sleep

27
Q

describe all the non-REM stages

A

N1: drowsiness
N2: deeper sleep
N3: deepest sleep

28
Q

how does biology affect quality/quantity of sleep?

A

our clock is set by exposure to light

29
Q

how does age affect quality/quantity of sleep?

A

newborns sleep about 16hrs, while adults sleeo about 8hrs

30
Q

how does culture affect quality/quantity of sleep?

A

north americans sleep less than other nations

31
Q

how do indiv. differences affect quality/quantity of sleep?

A

genetics: some better with 6hrs while some better with 9hrs
sleep disorders: FASP

32
Q

what is sleep hygiene and what are examples for it?

A

having a good bedroom environment
ex: no lights, excercise

33
Q

give examples of why we sleep

A

restores brain/body
builds/strengthens memory
sleep deprivation = bad
period for waste to be removed from brain

34
Q

what does sleep deprivation do to the body

A

weight gain, lower concentration, higher blood pressure, higher risk of illness,

35
Q

why are car accidents more at risk because of sleep deprivation?

A

impaired attention, lower reaction time

36
Q

name all 6 sleep disorders

A

insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, night terrors, sleep walking, sleep paralysis

37
Q

what are some interpretations of dreams?

A

psychoanalytic from freud: manifest content, latent content
other: - dreams do have real things incorporated into them
- to satisfy our own wishes
- file away memories
- cognitive dev.
- make sense of neural static

38
Q

what is blindsight?

A

visual cortex is damaged but eyes still function, therefore doing things without being consciously aware

39
Q

what are the three physiological factors that influence consciousness (via drugs)

A

depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens

40
Q

what are depressants?

A

drugs that reduce neural activity

41
Q

what are the three effects of alcohol?

A

inhibition of nervous system, reduced memory formation, impaired self-control

42
Q

what are the two effects of barbiturates

A

inhibition of nervous system, promote falling asleep

43
Q

what are the two effects of opiates?

A

depress nervous system (produce high euphoria), works at the body’s pain reducers

44
Q

what are stimulants?

A

increase neural activity and bodily functions

45
Q

what are some effects of nicotine?

A

boosts attention, heart rate and blood pressure rise, supresses appetite

46
Q

what are the effects of cocaine/meth

A

increases levels of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, short-lived euphoria

47
Q

what are the effects of ecstasy/MDMA

A

increases dopamine/serotonin, hallucinations, social connections are higher, dehydration, impaired memory, supressed immune system

48
Q

what are some hallucinogens?

A

LSD, marijuana

49
Q

what is associated with addiction?

A

tolerance to the drug, withdrawal, dependence, negative impact of substance on daily life

50
Q

what is the basic difference between physical and psychological dependence?

A

physical: body has been altered, things like withdrawal create cravings
psychological: the drug becomes needed in almost every situation, a coping strategy

51
Q

what is tolerance?

A

how much of a drug you can take before the effects are diminished, after repeated use

52
Q

what is withdrawal?

A

symptoms experienced when the substance wears off

53
Q

what are some things associated with substance use disorder?

A

giving up social/occupational activities because of use, using substances even if dangerous, needing large amounts to get the desired effect, withdrawal symptoms

54
Q

what factors can influence substance use disorder?

A

biological, psychological, social-cultural

55
Q

what are the three things people can use instead of drugs to alter consciousness?

A

hypnosis, sensory deprivation, meditation

56
Q

what are qualities that help with hypnosis?

A

able to concentrate, active imagination

57
Q

is sensory deprivation harmless?

A

no, if done for prolonged amounts of time then disorders of perception may happen

58
Q
A

PSYCH101 (6 decks)

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