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ETHICS 2 > CONSCIENCE: FREUD > Flashcards

CONSCIENCE: FREUD Flashcards

1
Q

What is conscience not based on according to Freud?

A

Rational decision-making.

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2
Q

What is conscience based on for Freud?

A

It is a product of psychological factors that influence human beings.

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3
Q

What theory did Freud develop?

A

Psychosexual development.

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4
Q

What is the libido?

A

Sexual desire, focusing on that part of the body as a source of pleasure.

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5
Q

What are the five stages of development according to Freud?

A
  1. Oral
  2. Anal
  3. Phallic
  4. Latency
  5. Genital
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6
Q

Why have much of Freud’s developments been questioned/rejected?

A

Lack of conclusive evidence to support his notions.

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7
Q

What did Freud argue the human mind is made up of?

A
  • Unconscious mind.
  • Preconscious mind.
  • Conscious mind.
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8
Q

What is the unconscious mind?

A

The repressed thoughts and feelings, including primitive desires.

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9
Q

What is the preconscious mind?

A

The memories not readily available but accessible.

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10
Q

What is the conscious mind?

A

The thoughts a person currently has.

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11
Q

What is the id?

A

Entirely unconscious aspect of personality, the part of the mind containing drive and repressed memories.

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12
Q

What is the id driven by?

A

The pleasure principle; it seeks immediate gratification (the libido).

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13
Q

What does Freud state about the id?

A

“It is the dark, inaccessible part of our personality.”

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14
Q

What is central to human personality? (id)

A

Libido, sexual pleasure and sexuality begins in early childhood.

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15
Q

What is not always possible regarding the id?

A

To satisfy all of the id’s desires.

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16
Q

What is not socially acceptable?

A

To seek immediate gratification for all of our desires, and act on the impulses of the id.

17
Q

What is the ego?

A

The mediation between the id and social norms.

18
Q

What is the ego driven by?

A

The reality principle.

19
Q

What analogy did Freud use when describing the ego?

A

Of a horse and its rider, to explain the relationship between the id and the ego.

20
Q

What is one strategy used by the ego?

A

Delayed gratification.

21
Q

What can a good conscience be seen as?

A

The effective operation of the ego over the id.

22
Q

What is the super-ego?

A

The last part of the human psyche, that develops around age five.

23
Q

What is the super-ego the repository for?

A

Internalised moral standards.

24
Q

What does the achieving of these moral standards result in? (SE)

A

A sense of pride and accomplishment.

25
Q

What does the super-ego dominating over the ego result in?

A

The greater extent to which a person avoids actions that might result in them breaking rules.

26
Q

What are religious and moral feelings and conscience related to according to Freud?

A

The Super-Ego.

27
Q

Who can you use to criticise Freud?

A

Fromm

28
Q

What does Engler state?

A

“they represent a variety of different processes, functions, and dynamics within the person.”

29
Q

What did Freud believe about religion and God?

A

“constructs of the mind”.

30
Q

What is the issue with Freud and religion?

A

Religious people would still see God as the origin of conscience - God provided the structure in which the conscience develops.

31
Q

What is the issue with Freud’s perspective on religion?

A

No reference to God…he was an atheist, seeing religion only as a construct of the mind.

32
Q

How does Freud support the idea that conscience exists?

A

Sees it as an aspect of the super ego - a construct.

33
Q

Where is there proof that the conscience is linked to the unconscious mind?

A

A person might have right knowledge and can use reasoned thought to make moral decisions but the unconscious mind may lead them to act immorally.

34
Q

What is religion based on for Freud that makes his theory differ to Aquinas’?

A

The idea of God causes neuroses and prevents us from becoming psychologically whole.

35
Q

According to Freud which part of the human psyche stops us from breaking rules because of the fear of receiving punishment, criticism or feelings of guilt?

A

Super Ego.

36
Q

Freud believes that when you are rewarded you bank this in your superego as a good act and vice versa. This is based on which theory?

A

Behaviourism.

ETHICS 2 (13 decks)

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