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History > Conquest Of The Americas > Flashcards

Conquest Of The Americas Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 2 major civilisations that existed in the Americas prior to European contact?

A

The Incas and the Aztecs

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2
Q

Where did the Aztecs live?

A

Mexico

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3
Q

In how many generations did the Aztec civilisation rise and fall?

A

4

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4
Q

What was the main city of the Aztec civilisation?

A

Tenochtitlan

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5
Q

What was the population of Tenochtitlan at the time of the Spanish arrival?

A

200,000

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6
Q

What was at the centre of the city?

A

The sacred precinct

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7
Q

What were tributes?

A

Payments that surrounding villagers were forced to pay the Aztecs

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8
Q

How was the Aztec society hierarchy arranged?

A

Emperor-nobles-warriors-commoners-slaves

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9
Q

Explain how a mid-wife’s address to newborn boys was different to that of newborn girls?

A

Midwives made out that boys should focus more on fighting and military style and girls to focus on housework and staying in the house. Boys were made out to be better than boys.

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10
Q

Who was the most important God for the Aztecs?

A

The god of sun and war

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11
Q

Explain how ceremonial sacrifices worked?

A

The body was sacrificed and their beating heart was thrown down the tempe steps.

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12
Q

What was the main city of the Incas?

A

Cuzco

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13
Q

How did the Incas try to integrate different groups?

A

Through education

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14
Q

Sapa Inca was seen as:

A

The sun god’s representative on earth

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15
Q

The nobles used to attempt to change the shape of their babies’ skulls

A

True

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16
Q

What did the Incas generally make their weapons from?

A

Leather and wood

17
Q

How did the Incas communicate across their large land?

A

series of runners called chasqui

18
Q

Quipu was a communication system used by the Incas

A

True

19
Q

The main crops of the Incas were wheat and maize

A

False

20
Q

What was mit’a?

A

A system of compulsory labour

21
Q

The state would collect and distribute crops throughout the Empire

A

True

22
Q

Macchu Picchu was:

A

A summer palace

23
Q

The most notable aspect of Inca architecture was

A

The stonework

24
Q

The Sun God was called:

A

Inti

25
Q

Why did European diseases have such a catastrophic impact on the Native Americans?

A

The people did not have any immunity to these new diseases

26
Q

smallpox was the disease that claimed most lives

A

True

27
Q

Why did civil war break out among the Incas?

A

As their leaders died, there was a struggle for succession

28
Q

How did the conquest change the Incas’ view of their Gods?

A

Many felt that their Gods had abandoned them and turned to Christianity

29
Q

Why were the Tlaxcalans prepared to help the Spanish against the Aztecs?

A

all of the above

30
Q

After initially claiming that they would preserve Tenochtitlan, it was destroyed by the Spanish. Why was this?

A

The resistance was so strong that canons were needed to flatten the city

31
Q

Why was the battle of Cajamarca so one sided?

A

The Incas were not armed or prepared for battle

32
Q

What was the fate of Atahualpa?

A

he was executed by the Spanish

33
Q

What made the Inca Empire easier to destroy?

A

their clear chain of command meant that leaders were taken out

34
Q

What was the fate of the Aztecs when they had been defeated?

A

they lost their land and became slaves to the Spanish

35
Q

How did the ethnic composition of the region change after the conquest?

A

many natives died and Spanish settlers and African slaves changed the population dramatically

36
Q

The Columbian exchange refers to Columbus’ exchange year in the Americas

A

False

37
Q

How did the conquest of the Americas lead to a population increase in Europe?

A

food taken from the Americas led to healthier diets

History (5 decks)

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