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Anatomy CVM 6100 > Connective Tissue Structures > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Structures Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Dense Irregular Arranged Connective tissue - What is it and where is it found in the body?

A

High Density of collagen fibers, oriented in variable directions.

Found in the dermis; deep fascia in some loactions like the periosteum and fibrous joint capsule

like “fibrous meshwork”

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2
Q

Describe Dense Regularly Arranged Connective Tissue - what is it and where is it found in the body?

A

High Density of parallel fibers, forming sheets, bands, or cords.

Found in aponeuroses, ligaments and tendons.

Known for their parallel straight arrangement.

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3
Q

How do you define Dermis (a connective tissue)?

A

The physically tough/strong component of skin deep to the epidermis

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4
Q

A Tendon (connective tissue structure) attaches ___A______ to __\__B_____ and is called an __\__C_______ when sheet-like.

A

A) Muscle

B) Bone

C) Aponeurosis

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5
Q

What is a Ligament?

A

A connective tissue that attaches bone to bone (usually thickenings of fibrous joint capsules) - not the same as visceral ligaments located in body cavities which are entirely different structures

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6
Q

How would you define Fascia?

A

A collagenous connective fibrous tissue that holds the body together - also called the hypodermis

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7
Q

What is superficial fascia and where is it found in the body?

A

Subcutaneous tissue between skin and muscles/bone (body wall)

Regionally variable in amount (site for SQ injection)

Contains: Cutaneous muscle, mammary tissue, fat (also edema fluid)

ex. Cutaneous trunci muscle and superficial muscles of facial expression

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8
Q

What is deep fascia and where is it found in the body?

A

Packing/binding tissue surrounding muscles, bones and organs

Compartmentalizes skeletal muscles and gives rise to aponeuroses!

Forms several names structures:

Regional fascia: Thoraco-lumbar fascia:

Fascia lata

Retinaculum

Raphe

Epimysium

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9
Q

What is retinaculum?

A

Fascia that binds passing tendons to the surface of the carpus or tarsus (also transverse humeral retinaculum)

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10
Q

What kind of defect is Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?

A

Collagen

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11
Q

What kind of deep fascia is raphe?

A

Deep Fascia that joins the right and left counterparts of a particular muscle at the midline

ex. Ventral Abdomen=linea alba and median raphe along trachea on neck

Muscles that come together at midline to form a “seam”

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12
Q

What is epimysium and where is it in the body?

A

Deep fascia covering the surface of a muscle, depending on the muscle, it may be thin (transparent) or dense (opaque and white)

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13
Q

What is perimysium?

A

Deep Fascia around muscle fascicles

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14
Q

What is endomysium?

A

Deep fascia within muscle fasicles

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15
Q

Why is it difficult to heal Ligaments and Tendons?

A

Because they don’t have very many blood vessels.

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16
Q

Name the unlabeled structures

A
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17
Q

Describe Loose Areolar Connective Tissue

A

low fiber density, spaces filled with fat or fluid, found under skin and fascia

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18
Q

What are the 4 types of connective tissue STRUCTURES

A

1) Dermis
2) Tendon
3) Ligament
4) Fascia

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19
Q

What are the 3 ways to classify bones?

A

Development

Location

Shape

20
Q

What are the two development options for bones?

A

endochondrial

intramembranous

21
Q

What is endochondral development?

A

starts off as cartilage and ossifies - most bones do this - when in doubt guess endochondral

exception in the skull!

22
Q

What is intramembranous development of bones?

A

comes directly from mesenchyme (fascia)

tend to be flat bones

i.e. bones of the skull and face

23
Q

What is the calvaria?

A

The brain case of skull

24
Q

What are the 3 location options for classifying bones?

A

axial skeleton

appendicular skeleton

hetertopic bones

25
Q

What is included in the axial skeleton?

A

Head

Vertebral column (including tail)

ribs

sternum

26
Q

What is included in the appendicular skeleton?

A

bones of limbs

scapula

os coxae (hip bone)

pelvis

27
Q

Which bones are heterotropic bones?

A

os penis (carnivores and rodents)

os cardis (cattle)

Out of place bones…

28
Q

What are the 5 shape options for classifying bones?

A

Long bones

Short bones

Flat bones

irregular bones

sesamoid bones

29
Q

Define long bones

A

longer than they are wide

i.e. humerus and femur

30
Q

Define short bones

A

relatively square

i.e. carpal bones

31
Q

Define Flat bones

A

scapula

os coxae (pelvis)

skul bones

32
Q

Define irregular bones

A

short with multiple nubs

i.e. vertebrae

33
Q

Define sesamoid bones

A

small and seed like within tendons

i.e. patella (knee cap)

34
Q

What are the 5 functions of bones?

A

support

levers

protection

Calcium and phosphate reservoirs

Red Marrow

35
Q

Which bones have more levers?

A

long bones

36
Q

Which bones are mostly used for protection?

A

rib cage

37
Q

What are bones composed of?

A

Collagen fibers (1/3 bone by weight)

(1/2 bone by volume)

Hydroxyapatite crystals

Minerals

Water (not much)

38
Q

What happens when the physis of a bone closes?

A

It’s done growing

39
Q

Which region is spongy bone located in?

A

epiphysis

40
Q

Where is the marrow cavity of the bone located?

A

the diaphysis

41
Q

Where is the primary ossification site?

A

diaphysis

42
Q

Where is the secondary ossification site?

A

epiphysis

43
Q

What is the outermost layer of bone called?

A

periosteum

44
Q

Which layer of bone is just deep to the periosteum>?

A

compact bone

45
Q

Which layer of bone is just deep to compact bone? - in between compact bone and the marrow cavity or spongy bone?

A

endosteum

46
Q

Which region of bone houses the nutrient foramen?

A

the diaphysis

47
Q
A

Anatomy CVM 6100 (9 decks)

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