Connective Tissue Flashcards
Fibroblasts are
Renews except for
Other cells in ct
Flat large branching cells
- most common cell type in CT
- fixed
Except for cartilage
WBC
CT tissue fibers are
Collagen
Elastic
Reticular
Collagen
CT fibers
Primary fiber type (except for blood)
*composed of protein, collagen
Elastic
CT fiber
Microfilaments embedded in protein
*elastin- stretches and returns to original form
Reticular
CT fiber
Seen in embryonic structures
*reticulin- mesh like arrangement
CT classification
Soft (adipose)
Firm (cartilage)
rigid (bone)
fluid (blood and lymph)
Soft CT is made up what 3 CT types:
Loose- just deep to epithelium
dense- deep to loose
Specialized- adipose, elastic, reticular
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
Functions
Support Packaging Storage Transport Repair Defense
Firm CT definition
Function
Noncalcified CT associated with Skelton
Temporary skeleton
Covers most joint articular to surfaces
Forms outline for bone formation
Firm CT comprised of….
Avascular meaning..
Matrix of cells, mainly collagen
*more flexible than bone, doesn’t mineralize
Can’t renew itself, relies on surrounding tissues for nutrition
Cartilage:
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Most common, only collagen
*epiphyseal plates
Mix of collagen fibers and elastic
*ear, Eustachian tube, epiglottis, larynx
Characteristics of the above 2
*transitional in nature, going from one to the other ex:tmj
Rigid CT
Functions to…
Most specialized CT…
Support, protection and locomotion
Vascular- can repair itself
*calcified and mineralized CT
- most specialized and abundant
- forms mature skeleton
Bone components:
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Articular cartilage
Epiphyseal plate
Epiphyseal line
Central shaft of bone
2 ends of long bone
Covers epiphysis where it articulates with another bone
Cartilage b/w diaphysis and epiphysis, where bone grows
Mineralization of plate
Bone cavities:
Medullary cavity
Marrow
- yellow
- red
Within the diaphysis
*marrow fills these cavities
Y-mostly fat
R- blood forming cells
Bone linings:
Periosteum
Endosteum
Outer covering of bone *blood vessels and nerves of bone
Lines medullary cavities *inside
Bone cells:
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Canaliculi
Bone forming cells, cuboidal, found in Peru and endosteum
Bone destroying cells *osteocytes-mature osteoblasts
Processes from osteocytes. *little channels that connect 2 osteocytes to communicate
Compact bone:
Mostly a sold matrix of cells
- inferior border mandible- more solid for strength
- outside bone
Cancellous bone:
Lacy network of bone with small marrow filled spaces
*light bone, strength without weight
- covered by compact bone
- spongy bone
Bone layers:
Circumferential
Concentric
Interstitial
Surrounding outer perimeter of adult bones
Bulk of compact bone. Metabolic unit-osteon-osteocytes
In between concentric circles
*concentric rings-haverson canal *each canal has laminae and osteon
Bone ossification:
Osteoblast (3)
- Start formation
- Synthesize collagen and proteoglycans
- Once surrounded by matrix
*when matrix is around osteoblast it is then called osteocyte
Bone ossification:
Osteocyte (2)
- Intramembraneous ossification
2. Endochondral ossification
Bone formation:
Endochondrial
Intramembraneous
Forms ramus of mandibular and zygomatic arch
Alveolar process, body of mandible and maxillary process of maxilla
Endochondrial ossification:
Cartilage models
Hyaline surrounded by perichondrium
*has blood supply
Endochondrial ossification: Chondrocytes form a matrix
3 pts
- osteoblasts created in perichondrium
* start to make bone - Cartilage does a mineralization occurs.
- Perichondrium becomes periosteum
Intramembraneous ossification:
Osteoblasts from osteoid b/w…
CT membranes
*osteoblast between 2 membranes
Intramembraneous oss:
Trabeculae may be replaced to form..
Compact bone
Bone remodeling:
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Growth
Create bone
Destroy bone
Growth and bone changes are influenced by pressure and tension forces on bone
Bone remodeling:
Calcium storage (2 pts)
Calcium stores are in constant flux
Hormones control
*hormone imbalance makes bones brittle
