Connective tissue Flashcards
function
connect epithelial to rest of body
structure
store energy
transport materials
components
specialized cells
extracellular matrix
extracellular matrix
fluid ground substance
solid protein fiber
classification of CT
connective tissue proper
fluid connective
supportive connective
Connective tissue proper
connect and protect
fat and tendons
fluid connective
transport
blood and lymph
supportive connective
structural strength
bone and cartilage
CT proper make up
cells
matrix
cells of connective tissue proper
migratory
permanent residence
migratory cells
lymphocytes
macrophage
microphage
mast cells
permanent residence cells
fibroblasts
adipocytes
mesenchymal cells
melanocytes
Fibroblasts
most abundant
found in all CTP
secrete protein and hyaluronan
adipocytes
fat cells
each stores a single large fat droplet
mesenchymal
stem cell
divides to compensate for injury unlike others
melanocytes
synthesize and store brown pigment
lymphocytes
m
specialized immune cells
t and b lymphocytes
b lymphocytes may develop to plasma and produce antibodies
Macrophage
m
large amoeba like cells
part of immune system
engulfs pathogens and damaged cells
2 conditions of macrophage
free macrophages migrate like monocytes in blood
fixed macrophages stay in tissue like kpuffer cells in liver
microphage
small phagocytic blood cells
respond to signal from macrophage and mast cells
eg. nautrophils
mast cells
stimulate inflammation after injury/infection
granules release histamine + heparin
basophils are mast cells carried by blood
fibers of CTP
Collagen fibers
reticular fibers
elastic fibers
(all formed by fibroblasts)
Collagen fibers
most common fibers in CTP
long straight and unbranched
strong and flexible
bundle of fibrous protein strands
resist force in 1 direction
tendons and ligaments
reticular fibers
network of interwoven fibers (stoma)
strong and flexible
resist in many directions
stabilize functional cells and structures
Sheath around organs
Elastic fibers
Contain elastin
branched and wavy
flexible, return to original shape
Elastic ligaments of vertebrae and ear lobe
Ground substance of CTP
Fill space between cells
clear and colourless
vicious and dense - slows down pathogens
Categories of CTP
Loose ct
dense ct
loose ct
more ground substance less fibres
packing materials of body
areolar adipose and reticular
Areolar
least specialized
open framework
vicious ground substance
elastic
absorb shock
holds blood vessels and capillary beds
eg subcutaneous tissue (under skin)
Adipose tissues
main cell adipocytes
provides padding, insulation, energy storage
deep in skin of side breast and butt
Reticular tissue
COmplex, 3d network
reticular fibers(stroma) support functional cells (parenchyma)
reticular organs spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, kidneys
dense ct
tightly packed w high number of collagen or elastic fibers (collagenous tissues)
regular and irregular ct
dense regular ct
attachment and stabilization
tightly packed parallel collagen fibers
tendons (attach muscles to bones)
ligaments (connect bone to bone)
aponeuroses (ct sheets attached to flat muscles)
Elastic tissue
sub type of dense regular ct
made mainly of elastic fibers
elastic ligaments
Dense irregular connective tissue
strength in many directions
interwoven network of collagen fibers
perichondrium and periosteum
fluid connective tissues
blood and lymph
watery mix pf dissolved proteins
specific cell types/formed elements
blood
fluid content is plasma
formed elements
rbc
wbc
platelets
lymph
collected from interstitial space
monitored by immunse system
transported by lymphatic vessels
returned to venous system
cartilage
gel like ground substance
between bones
for shock absorbtion and protection
no blood vessels
supportive ct
support soft tissue and body weight
bone and cartilage
types of cartilage
hyaline
elastic
fibro
bone
calcified rigid by calcium salts/minerals
for weight support
rich blood supply
hyaline
tough, flexible support
reduces friction in joints
translucent mix
no predominant fibers
trachea
elastic cartilage
flexible support
tightly packed elastic fiber
external ear and epiglottis
fibrocartilage
resists compression
prevets bone to bone contacts
limits movement
very dense collagen fibers
knee pads
bone osseous tissue
strong calcium deposits
resists shattering
flexible collagen
fascia
body’s connective tissue framework
layers and wrappings that support and surroudn porgans
provides routes fro blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves
3 layers
3 layers of fascia
superficial
deep
subserous fascia
