Connective Tissue Flashcards
4 Main types of Tissue
Epithelium, Connective tissue, Muscle and Nervous tissue
Predominating component of CT
intercellular substance
glycoproteins or glycosaminoglycans, a gel like that fills the spaces between the fibers and cells
ground substance
medium through which O2, nutrients and
by-products diffuse
ground substance
can be collagen, reticular or elastic fiber
fibers
fibers can be
can be collagen, reticular or elastic fiber
normal cellular constituents of c.t.
resident cells
how many resident cells
8
stellate or spindle shaped with cytoplasmic processes; cells of the embryo which transform into different types of adult cells as development progresses
mesenchymal cells
most common resident cells of loose c.t.; shape of the cells depend on their
location in the c.t.
fibroblasts
in tendons and ligaments, fibroblasts are
elongated and fusiform
in loose c.t. , fibroblast is in
rounded form
produce _, _ and _ aside form the amorphous
ground substance
collagen, elastic and reticular
fibers
similar in form with the mesenchymal cells;
reticular cells
mainly found in lymphatic organs where they produce reticular fibers;
reticular cells
also called histiocytes or clasmatocytes –have varied shape
macrophages
when crowded by other tissue components-they are ___
angular
their nucleus is __ and indented on one side of the cell;
bean shaped
in loose c.t. , macrophages are __ with bean or indented nucleus
rounded
cytoplasm contain granules (believed to be
__)
lysosomes
macrophages are derived from the _____ and they have phagocytic function
mesenchymal cells or monocytes
size and shape vary greatly in different animals even within the same species
mast cells
nucleus rounded, ____ in placement
central to eccentrical
granules contain ___ and ___ that cause inflammation (allergy)
heparin and histamine
large multinucleated cells
foreign body giant cells
FBGC are formed from the fusion of _____
monocytes or macrophages
white and brown adipose cells
fat or adipose cells
white adipose cells which appear like a ___ with a nucleus bulging slightly from one side of the ring/cell
signet ring
in tissue section, adipose cells appear
___ because the fats are dissolved by
alcohol during processing;
empty
in tissue section, adipose cells appear
empty because the fats are dissolved by
__ during processing;
alcohol
characterized by numerous fat droplets thus, called multilocular
brown adipose cells
numerous fat droplets thus, called
__
multilocular
BAC are mainly found in __ animals
hibernating
are stellate cells occurring around a capillary or small vessel where they
intimately in contact with the
lining epithelium
pericytes
not normally present in the c.t. but generally located in the circulating blood
Transient cells (migrant)
they invade the c.t. when the need arise;
transient cells
Some wbc’s
neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes
rounded cells with eccentrically located nuclei
Plasma cells
round bodies of ___ called
Russel bodies
acidophilic material
sometime seen in plasma cells which is an indication of degeneration of the cells
russel bodies
ultrastructurally, plasma cells distinctly
characterized by an ____ which
mean they are protein producer for their
antibody function (Ig)
extensive RER
melanocytes
pigment cells
most common and largest fibers
collagen fibers
pink-staining with H & E and appear as __
wavy bundles
strong and flexible, yet able to
resist __
stretch
composed of elastin
Elastic Fiber
long, thin, straight and branched fibers, when broken
appears like corkscrew
elastic fibers
Stains more pink than collagen
fibers in ___
H&E staining
stained with special stains such as
orcein or ___
Weigerts resorcin fuschin
fibers are short and thin interconnecting with each other forming a net-like arrangement.
reticular fibers
stained with silver
Argyrophilic
stained also with PAS
Periodic Acid schiff
RF Commonly found in
lymphatic
tissues
this component of the c.t. is very scant in amount except in blood (special type of c.t.) where it comprises the greatest bulk
Fluids
are temporary in their existence, being present only in the developing embryos
Embryonal connective tissues
comprise the c.t. of growing and adult animals
Adult connective tissue
composed primarily of stellate mesenchymal
cells embedded in a jelly-like amorphous substance
Mesenchymal CT
found in Wharton’s jelly of the umbilical cord,
Mucoid CT
can be found also in the __ of birds
combs and wattles
and in the ___ of the omasum
lamina propria
Classification according to the ___ and ___ of cells and extracellular components
arrangement and proportion
the CT of growing and adult animals
Adult CT
most common or ordinary CT in the body
Areolar/loose CT
Loose CTissue found in the __ CT
subepithelial (l. propria and t. submucosa),
Loose CT also found in _ and in between __
mesenteries, muscles and nerves
Fibers are the predominant components
Dense CT
fibers are tightly arranged to make the tissue appear
thick or dense
True
characterized by the orderly arrangement of the fibers; there are two types:
Regular dense CT
also known as the regular DWFCT-the few fibroblasts are arranged longitudinally in between parallel bundles of collagen
Collagenous CT
DWFCT
Dense White Fiber CT
Collagenous CT is found in
tendons and ligaments and aponeurosis
is very similar to the regular DWFCT except that the predominant fibers are elastic which are branched
Elastic CT
Elastic CT is present in the nuchal ligament, t. media of large (elastic) arteries
true
characterized by not orderly a parallel array of collagenous fibers found in the dermis of the skin
irregular dense CT
Special Connective Tissue
reticular CT, Pigmented CT, adipose tissue
primarily composed of reticular fibers
Reticular CT
found in the fibrous stroma of lymphatic and blood
forming organs
Reticular CT
actually areolar c.t. contains pigment cells;
Pigmented CT
found in the choroid and iris of the eye and c.t. of
pigmented skin
Pigmented CT
another variant of loose/areolar c.t. where the predominant cells are adipose cells
adipose tissue
