Cartilage and Bone Tissue Flashcards
4 Main types of Tissue
Epithelium, Connective and Supportive tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue
Consists of cells and extensive ECM of fibers and ground substance
Cartilage (supportive tissue)
Cartilage is covered by _
perichondrium
inner layer
chondrogenic layer (cellular)
outer layer
fibrous layer
unit of cartilages
Chondrion
cartilage is avaslucar
true
cartilage cells
chondroblast, chondrocytes, chondroclast
secrete the extracellular matrix (ECM) and
become less active
chondroblast
contained in a space called a
lacuna
are the less active cells, but maintain and repair the matrix of the cartilage cells
chondrocytes
multinucleated cartilage eating cells
chondroclast
Types of cartilage
hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
most common type
hyaline cartilage
Found in developing vertebrate skeleton, epiphyseal disc, articular cartilage, nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, ventral end of ribs
hyaline cartilage
Matrix contains collagenous fibers
interterritorial matrix and territorial matrix
clusters of 2 - 4 chondrocytes occupying the
same lacuna
isogenous group
Similar to the structure of hyaline but with numerous
elastic fibers
elastic cartilage
elastic cartilage is found in epiglottis, parts of larynx and pinna, auditory tube
true
Transition of cartilage and connective tissue
fibroelastic cartilage
“___” which is a “V-shaped”
arrangement of the collagenous fibers
herringbone configuration
Also linear arrangement of __
chondrocytes
Found in the intervertebral disks and articular
menisci, pubic symphysis, os cordis, tendons
closed to bone
fibroelastic cartilage
cellular tissue embedded in a mineralized
matrix component
bone
outer covering of the bone, composed of dense connective tissue
periosteum
inner covering of osteogenic layer
endosteum
gives rise to osteoblast
osteogenic stem cells
found on the surface of the bone where they deposit the organic (ground substance and fibers) inorganic components of the bone
osteoblast
organic deposit of bones
ground substance and fibers
osteoblast are
basophilic cells
mature osteoblast surrounded by bone matrix
osteocytes
large, multinucleated cells, reabsorbed bone
matrix during bone development and repair; “bone eaters”
osteoclast
unit structure of bone tissue
osteon
multiple layers of bone matrix
lamellae
2 lamallae
Circumferential lamellae
and Concentric lamellae
formed by concentric lamellae
haversian system (osteons)
HS is oriented parallel to the long axis of the bone
true
central canal; which contains blood vessels and nerves
haversian canal
transverse canal; connects vessels and nerves or periosteum, central canal and medullary cavity
Volkman’s canal
small space where the bone cells’ cytoplasmic process embed
canaliculi
more space than bone matrix
spongy (cancellous ) bone
Spongy bones -formed by an interconnected meshwork of spicules or trabeculae
true
more bone matrix than space;
compact (dense of lamellar) bone
formed by densely packed layers of bone matrix with osteocytes sandwiched in between layers;
compact (dense or lamellar bone)
cause of height grow
epiphyseal plate
new cartilage is produced on the epiphyseal side
zone of proliferation
chondrocytes mature and enlarged
zone of hypertrophy
matrix is calcified and chondrocytes die
zone of calcification
calcifies cartilage on the diaphyseal side of the plate is replaced by bine
ossified bonse
