Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Connective Tissue🧩 > Flashcards

Connective Tissue🧩 Flashcards

1
Q

Fill in the gaps:

Connective Tissue has ____________ depending on ____________ of the tissue.

A

Connective Tissue has a diverse structural arrangement depending on location and function of the tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most abundant tissue within the human body and why?

A

Connective Tissue
- Because connective tissues constitute a proportion of all of our organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a general rule of thumb for the function of connective tissue?

A

function of connective tissues is to provide structural and/or functional support to the other tissues and organs that they comprise.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are all the functions of connective tissues?

A

-Provide structural and functional support
-Supportive an connective framework- holds everything in place whilst providing flexibility and movement
-Other functions;
Energy Storage
Organs Protection
Structural Integrity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give examples of connective tissues

A
  • Bone (structural integrity)
  • Cartilage (protect joints, structural integrity)
  • Tendons and ligaments (connect muscle to bone, protect joints)
  • Adipose tissue (energy storage)
  • Mesentery (connects intestine to abdomen)
  • Layers under skin and around organs (support )

Since these connective tissues perform different functions, each will have a different structural arrangement that reflects and supports their function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

For a tissue to be classified as connective tissue, it must have what 3 main components?

A

-Ground Substance
-Fibres
-Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What makes up the extracellular matrix

A

-Ground Substance
-Fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Are the three main components of connective tissue (Ground Substance, Fibres, Cells) similar?

A

Each of these three components can differ tremendously depending on the function of the tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the structure of connective tissues like?

A

Composed of cells surrounded and separated from each other by the extracellular matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does the Structure of connective tissues contrast with epithelial tissue structure?

A

In epithelial tissues, their cells are tightly anchored to each other to form a barrier, but the cells in connective tissue are not typically in direct contact with each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Expand on this Diagram

A
  • Cells separated by extracellular matrix (ECM)
  • ECM provides structural and biochemical support for cells
  • Most of the mass of connective tissues comes from the extracellular matrix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the structure of the extracellular matrix

A

Is composed of two components:
- Fibres
- Ground Substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is ground substance like?

A

a semi- solid gel (like jelly)
-Its full of water
-lacks structural Integrity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Since ground substance lacks structural integrity, what is integrity of the extracellular matrix provided by?

A

Fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is structural integrity of the extracellular matrix provided by fibres?

A

-These fibres can come in a variety of different arrangements
-Can criss-cross through the tissue to provide a supporting framework for both the ground substance and the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does ground substance provide?

A

-Biochemical Support to tissue
-Tissue Volume
-Compression Resistance- If body is squished or damage, tissue absorbs some of the impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is ground substance composed of?

A

*Composed of glycoproteins and complex carbohydrates e.g.
-Hyaluronic acid
-Glucosamine,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What can ground substance bind to?

A

-Water
-Has a profound water binding ability, as it is a water like gel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does ground substance support?

A

intercellular exchange of substances- exchange of substances between cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of fibres?

A

Provide Structural Support and tensile strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the two types of fibres?

A

-Collagen
-Elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe collagen fibres?

A

strongest and most abundant, provide tensile strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe elastin fibres?

A

long and branched, provide stretch and recoil ability to tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How are collagen fibres secreted?

A
  • Secreted into ECM by connective tissue cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is collagen composed of?

A

-Subunits (fibrils), which are made up of myofibrils
-Fibrils are rope-like structures that are long and thin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

-How many different types of collagen have been identified?
-What are the most common types?

A

-At least 28 different types
-Most tissue are types I-IV (1-4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Where is type I collagen found? describe its arrangement?

A

found in fibrous tissues (dermis of skin, tendons, ligaments, bone)
-Irregular arrangement which provides strength in multiple directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Where is type II collagen found?

A

Hyaline Cartilage

29
Q

What colour does Type I collagen stain with H&E

A

Pink

30
Q

What is type III collagen and where is it found?

A

-Delicately branched reticular fibres
-Supporting networks found in highly cellular organs e.g. Lymph Nodes and Liver

31
Q

What does Type IV collagen do and where is it found?

A

-Forms Network
-Found in basement membranes

32
Q

Where is elastin synthesised and secreted?

A

Synthesised and secreted into ECM by connective tissue cells

33
Q

What is the function of elastin fibres?

A

Confers elasticity to tissues

34
Q

Where is elastin found in large amounts?

A

-Skin
-Blood Vessels
-Lungs
-Bladder
(Wherever the tissue need to stretch and recoil)

35
Q

How does elastin stain with H&E?

A

eosirphilic (pink)

36
Q

What is the function of the cells in connective tissues?

A

to synthesise, secrete and recycle ECM

37
Q

What are the 3 categories of cell found in connective tissue and their function?

A

**blasts – synthesise ECM
**cytes – maintain ECM
***clasts – breakdown ECM

38
Q

The full name of cells in connective tissues come from what

A

Where they come from (1st part)
Function (2nd part)

39
Q

What are fibroblasts and what are their function?

A

-Most common connective tissue cell type
-Secrete fibres and components of ground substance

40
Q

What do odontoblasts do?

A

Synthesise dentine in teeth

41
Q

What do chondrocytes do?

A

-Secrete and maintain ECM in cartilage

42
Q

What do adipocytes do?

A

maintain ECM in adipose tissue

43
Q

What do osteoclasts do?

A

recycle (breakdown) ECM in bone

44
Q

What do osteoblasts and osteocytes do?

A

Osteoblasts Secrete and maintain mineralised ECM in bone

45
Q

Unlike epithelium, what are connective tissues?

A

are highly vascularised, contain lots if blood and lymph vessels that run through the tissue

  • Contain blood vessels and lymphatic’s
  • Contain immune cells that survey tissues for invading pathogens/cell damage
46
Q

What are the exceptions to vascularisation of connective tissue?

A

Exception – cartilage, tendons and ligaments have no or fewer blood vessels

So if these tissues get damaged they either take a long time to repair (as in the case of tendons and ligaments) or they’re not going to repair or regenerate (as in the case of cartilage)

47
Q

What are 3 classifications of connective tissue?

A

-Connective tissue proper
-skeletal connective tissues
-fluid connective tissues

48
Q

What connective tissues are classified as connective tissue proper?

A
  • Broad category of diverse structure and functions
  • Have Loose or dense depending on arrangement of fibres
49
Q

What connective tissues are classified as skeletal?

A
  • Cartilage
  • Bone
50
Q

What connective tissues are classified as fluid (off classification)?

A
  • Blood
  • Lymph
51
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER connective tissues can be divided into what two categories?
-Describe what each category is like

A

-LOOSE- Mostly ground substance, fewer fibres
-DENSE- Mostly fibres, less ground substance

52
Q

Loose connective tissue proper can further divided into what three classifications

A

-Areolar tissue
-Adipose tissue
-Reticular tissue

53
Q

Describe Areolar Tissue (type of loose connective tissue proper)
-What is it and its function?
-Where is it found?

A

Universal packing material – supports and binds other tissues
Found beneath skin, submucosa, surrounding capillaries

54
Q

Describe Adipose Tissue(type of loose connective tissue proper)-
What is it and its function?
-Where is it found?

A

-Functions include, energy storage, shock absorption, insulation
-Found deep beneath skin, breasts, in the abdomen, finger and foot pads

55
Q

What is adipose tissue composed of?

A

Adipocytes- found in isolation or in small clusters

56
Q

Describe Reticular Tissue (type of loose connective tissue proper)
-What is it and its function?
-Where is it found?

A

-Delicate, branched network (type III collagen)
-providing internal structure to highly cellular organs (liver, lymph nodes, spleen)

57
Q

What 3 classifications can dense connective tissue proper be divided into?

A

-Dense regular
-Dense irregular
-Elastic

57
Q

What 3 classifications can dense connective tissue proper be divided into?

A

-Dense regular
-Dense irregular
-Elastic

58
Q

What is Dense irregular tissue and where is it found?
(Type of Dense connective tissue proper)

A

-Closely, packed interwoven fibres running in different directions
-Found in dermis of skin, forms protective capsule around organs

59
Q

What is Dense regular tissue and where is it found?
(Type of Dense connective tissue proper)

A

Closely, packed collagen fibres running in same direction
Provides tensile strength – found in tendons and ligaments.

60
Q

What is elastic tissue and where is it found?
(Type of Dense connective tissue proper)

A

-Dense regular tissue dominated by elastic fibres
-Allows tissues to recoil after stretching
-Found in arteries, skin, lungs and underlying transitional epithelium

61
Q

Name 3 Connective tissue disorders with oral manifestations

A

-Scurvy
-Systemic Lupus Erythematosis (SLE)
-Sjogren’s

62
Q

What is scurvy caused by?
What does it lead to?

A

-lack of vitamin C, leading to defective collagen formation
- Loose teeth, skin haemorrhages, potential death

62
Q

What is scurvy caused by?
What does it lead to?

A

-lack of vitamin C, leading to defective collagen formation
- Loose teeth, skin haemorrhages, potential death

63
Q

Why is vitamin C important?

A

Vit C is a co-factor required for collagen synthesis

64
Q

What is the structure of vitamin C and how does it arise

A

-triple-helical structure
-arises from an unusual abundance of three amino acids:

Glycine
Proline
Hydroxyproline

65
Q

What happens without the structural support of collagen?

A

blood vessels, tendons, and skin become fragile.

66
Q

Systemic lupus Erythmatosis (SLE)

What is it?
What are the target tissues?
Symptoms?
Oral Manifestations?

A

-Autoimmune disease – autoantibodies target host tissues
-Target tissues include, skin, bones, tendons, kidneys
-Oral symptoms include dryness and soreness
-Oral manifestations include buccal and palatal lesions

67
Q

Sjogren’s

What is it?
Symptoms?
Oral Manifestations?
How can it occur?

A

-Autoimmune disease – autoantibodies affects glands that produce tears and saliva
-Symptoms include dry eyes and mouth
-Oral manifestations include increased dental caries and candidiasis
-Can occur independently or accompany other disorders, such as, SLE or rheumatoid arthritis

Histology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions