connective

Question 1

Connective tissues originate from embryonic _____, a tissue developing mainly from the middle layer of the embryo, the mesoderm. Characterized by branched cells embedded in an abundant amorphous intercellular substance

a. mesenchyme
b. parenchyme
c. both

Answer 1

mesenchyme

Question 2

Connective tissue are derived from what primary germ layer?

a. mesoderm
b. endoderm
c. ectoderm
d. all

Answer 2

mesoderm

Question 3

Principal cells of connective tissue. Responsible for the synthesis of fibers and ground matrix (glycosaminoglycans).

a. fibroblast
b. fibrocyte
c. laminin
d. fibronectin

Answer 3

fibroblast

Question 4

Complex of anionic, hydrophilic proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and multiadhesive glycoproteins (laminin, fibronectin, and others).

a. fibroblast
b. fibrocyte
c. ground substance
d. extracellular matrix

Answer 4

ground substance

Question 5

Specialized to physically support and connect other tissues and maintain the water required for metabolite diffusion to and from cells

a. Conective
b. Epithelium
c. Muscular
d. Nervous

Answer 5

Connective Tissue

Question 6

The connective tissue proper usually consists of both large protein fi bers and nonfi brous areas ofunstained ground substance rich in various GAGs and water.

a. fibroblast
b. fibrocyte
c. ground substance
d. extracellular matrix

Answer 6

extracellular matrix (ECM)

Question 7

The major cells of connective tissue
proper, are elongated, irregularly shaped cells with oval nuclei that
synthesize and secrete most components of the ECM.

a. Fibroblast
b. Adipocytes
c. Macrophages
d. Mast cells

Answer 7

Fibroblasts

Question 8

Very large cells specialized for storage of triglycerides; they predominate in a specialized form of connective
tissue called adipose tissue .

a. Fibroblast
b. Adipocytes
c. Macrophages
d. Mast cells

Answer 8

Adipocytes

Question 9

Short-lived cells that differentiate in connective tissue from precursor cells called monocytes circulating in the blood; they function in ECM turnover, phagocytosis of dead cells and debris, and antigen presentation to lymphocytes.

a. Fibroblast
b. Adipocytes
c. Macrophages
d. Mast cells

Answer 9

Macrophages

Question 10

Originate from blood cell precursors and are filled
with granules for the release of various vasoactive agents and other substances during inflammatory and allergic reactions.

a. Fibroblast
b. Adipocytes
c. Macrophages
d. Mast cells

Answer 10

Mast Cells

Question 11

Short-lived cells that differentiate from B lymphocytes
and are specialized for the abundant secretion of specifi c antibodies (immunoglobulin). With cartwheel nucleus appearance.

a. Fibroblast
b. Plasma cells
c. Macrophages
d. Mast cells

Answer 11

Plasma cells

Question 12

Macrophages are also known as _______.

a. Histiocytes
b. Monocytes
c. Luekocytes
d. Mast cells

Answer 12

Histiocytes

Question 13

Mast Cells secrete the following except:

a. Heparin
b. Histamine
c. Serotonin
d. Cathecholamines

Answer 13

Cathecholamines

Question 14

Connective tissue proper is usually classified as loose or dense according to the amount of _____ present.

a. collagen and ground substance
b. fibrin and ground substance
c. ground substance and extracelular matrix
d. collagen and extracelular matrix
al cord.

Answer 14

collagen and ground substance

Question 15

Has relatively more ground substance than collagen, and it typically surrounds small blood vessels and occupies areas adjacent to other types of epithelia.

a. Loose connective tissue (or areolar tissue)
b. Dense irregular connective tissue
c. Dense regular connective tissue
d. Mucous connective tissue

Answer 15

Loose connective tissue (or areolar tissue)

Question 16

Filled primarily with randomly distributed bundles of type I collagen, with some elastic fibers, providing resistance to tearing from all directions as well as some elasticity.

a. Loose connective tissue (or areolar tissue)
b. Dense irregular connective tissue
c. Dense regular connective tissue
d. Mucous connective tissue

Answer 16

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 17

Prominent in tendons and ligaments, features bundles of essentially parallel collagen, providing great strength (but little stretch) in binding together components of the musculoskeletal system.

a. Loose connective tissue (or areolar tissue)
b. Dense irregular connective tissue
c. Dense regular connective tissue
d. Mucous connective tissue

Answer 17

Dense regular connective tissue,

Question 18

Consists of delicate networks of type III collagen (reticulin) and is most abundant in certain lymphoid organs where
the fibers form attachment sites for lymphocytes and other immune cells.

a. Reticular Tissue
b. Dense irregular connective tissue
c. Dense regular connective tissue
d. Mucous connective tissue

Answer 18

Reticular Tissue

Question 19

Embryonic form of gel-like connective tissue with few cells, resembling mesenchyme, and is best seen around blood vessels in the umbilical cord.

a. Loose connective tissue (or areolar tissue)
b. Dense irregular connective tissue
c. Dense regular connective tissue
d. Mucous connective tissue

Answer 19

Mucous connective tissue

Question 20

Also known as multipotential or pluripotential cells.

a. Mesenchymal Cells
b. Parenchymal Cells
c. both

Answer 20

Mesenchymal Cells

Question 21

Imparts a yellowish color to the fresh tissue because of the presence of protein called

a. fibrin
b. elastin
c. reticular
d. wharton’s jelly

Answer 21

elastin

Question 22

Linear (unbranched) polysaccharides, e.g. heparan sulfate, condroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate, hyaluronic acid
very hydrophilic due to abundant negative charges (e.g. SO4- groups).

a. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG)
b. Proteoglycans
c. Multiadhesive glycoproteins

Answer 22

Glycosaminoglycans (GAG)

Question 23

Core protein + GAG side chains (like a bottle brush)
bind cells, other proteins, and/or ECM components.

a. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG)
b. Proteoglycans
c. Multiadhesive glycoproteins

Answer 23

Proteoglycans

Question 24

Small glycosylated proteins containing NUMEROUS binding sites to cells, signaling molecules, and other ECM components.

a. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG)
b. Proteoglycans
c. Multiadhesive glycoproteins

Answer 24

Multiadhesive glycoproteins

Question 25

Constitute a family of proteins selected during evolution for their ability to form a variety of extracellular structures.

a. Collagen
b. Fibrin
c. Proteoglycans

Answer 25

Collagen

Question 26

Type of collagen that functions on resistance to tension.

a. Type 1
b. Type 2
c. Type 3
d. Type 4

Answer 26

Type 1

Question 27

Type of collagen that functions resistance to pressure.

a. Type 1
b. Type 2
c. Type 3
d. Type 4

Answer 27

type 2

Question 28

Type of collagen that functions in structural maintenance in expansible organs.

a. Type 1
b. Type 2
c. Type 3
d. Type 4

Answer 28

type 3

Question 29

Notably collagen types I, II, and III, have subunits that aggregate to form large fibrils clearly visible in the electron or light microscop. These often densely fill the connective tissue, forming structures such as tendons, organ capsules, and dermis.

a. Fibrillar collagens,
b. Sheet-forming collagens
c. Linking/anchoring collagens

Answer 29

Fibrillar collagens

Question 30

Type IV collagen have subunits produced by epithelial cells and are the major structural proteins of external laminae and the basal lamina in all epithelia.

a. Fibrillar collagens,
b. Sheet-forming collagens
c. Linking/anchoring collagens

Answer 30

Sheet-forming collagens

Question 31

Short collagens that link fibrillar collagens to one another components of the ECM. Type VII collagen binds type IV collagen and anchors the basal lamina to the underlying reticular lamina in basement.

a. Fibrillar collagens,
b. Sheet-forming collagens
c. Linking/anchoring collagens

Answer 31

Linking/anchoring collagens