Conjunctiva And Sclera Flashcards
T/F The palpebral conjunctiva covers the sclera
False: The palpebral conjunctiva covers the lids while the bulbar conjunctiva covers the sclera
T/F The sclera is vascularized and therefore you see infection there commonly
False! It is non-vascular and infection usually happens in the episclera or conjunctiva
What will you see with jaundice?
Yellowing of the sclera from excess bilirubin in the blood
What is the cause of jaundice in the sclera?
Excess bilirubin in the blood
T/F Inflammation of the episcleral tissue is localized and can be idiopathic
True! It could also be d/t systemic inflammatory diseases
T/F The conjunctivae are highly vascularized
True!
T/F Conjunctival injection (red eyes d/t dilation of blood vessels in the conjunctiva) may spare the limbus, leaving a white ring around the iris
True! Not always the most reliable diagnostic tool
What are the 3 types of conjunctivitis?
Allergic
Viral
Bacterial
T/F If the eye is painful, think conjunctivitis
FALSE (not well innervated)
Patient complains of grittiness in their eye, like something is scratching it. The sclera is red and you can see vessels.There is no change to vision and their pupils appear normal. What are you thinking?
Conjunctivitis
Patient claims eyes are itchy. They have no fever. What do they have?
Allergic conjunctivitis - MOST important feature is eye itching! No eye itching = Not allergic conjunctivitis
What is chemosis?
Edema of bulbar conjunctiva
Which form of conjunctivitis could cause a cobblestone appearance or lymphoid follicular response of palpebral conjunctiva?
Allergic conjunctivitis
Could you give patients with “Pink Eye” an antibiotic?
Nope - it’s VIRAL
What does adenovirus most commonly the infectious agent of?
Viral conjunctivitis
Patient presents to you with fever, mild itching and lots of watery discharge of the eyes. It started out in the right eye and now the left eye is starting to look the same. What are you thinking?
Viral conjunctivitis
Which lymph nodes should you check to help the diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis?
Pre-auricular lymph nodes for lymphadenopathy
Patient presents with pus oozing out of their eyeballs. This morning it had crusted over and they couldn’t open their eye. What do they have?
Bacterial conjunctivitis
T/F Pre-auricular lymphadenopathy is associated with bacterial conjunctivitis
FALSE: viral conjunctivitis
Which form of conjunctivitis is a clinical emergency that you would refer your patient to the eye doctor?
Gonococcal conjunctivitis (this is gonorrhea)
Patient presents with a red sclera in one eye that suddenly occurred with deep aching pain in the eye. Their vision has become blurred. What is this and what should you do?
Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma - medical emergency!
What causes acute angle closure glaucoma?
Incr in intraocular pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye
T/F Subconjunctival hemorrhage is a ophthalmological emergency
False! But it looks scary
Patient says they coughed really hard while choking on a piece of carrot and the next time they looked in the mirror they had a massive red spot in their eye! Should they be worried? Why or why not?
No, it’s a subconjunctival hemorrhage or a leakage of blood outside a vessel. It will clear up on its own
T/F Subconjunctival hemorrhages are associated with pain and changes to vision
False
What is the term for a yellowish nodule of the bulbar conjunctiva?
Pinguecula
What is the term for a triangular thickening of bulbar conjunctiva growing across the outer surface of the cornea?
Pterygium
T/F Pinguecula are more common with age
True
Which of the following have a localized appearance on the sclera? Episcleritis, Conjunctivitis, Pink Eye, Pinguecula
Episcleritis
Pinguecula
