Conjunctiva And Sclera

Question 1

Causes of conjunctival follicles

Answer 1

Viral, chlamydial, Trachoma and hypersensitivity

Question 2

Causes of conjunctival papillae

Answer 2

ALLERGY
Bacterial
Contact lens
Floppy eyleid syndrome
Trachoma

Question 3

Causes of allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 3

chemical irritation, vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC),
atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), giant papillary conjunctivitis
(GPC)

Question 4

Causative organisms of bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 4

Strept. Pneumonia, Staph aureus, H. influenza, and
Others (N. Gonorrhea, N. meningitides)

Question 5

Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 5

• Topical antibiotics usually 4 times per day (chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides,
Quinolones or macrolides)
• Systemic antibiotics are used only in case of:
1. Gonococcal infection use a 3rd generation cephalosporins.
2. H. influenza infection in children use amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.
3. Meningococcal infection benzyl penicillin, ceftriaxone or cefotaxime IM can be
used.
• Topical steroids
• Irrigation

Question 6

Most common cause of non gonococcal urethristis in males

Answer 6

Chlamydia

Question 7

Discharge of bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 7

Micopurulent

Question 8

In chlamydial conjunctivitis
• Tarsal conjunctival scrapings for Giemsa Stain show….

Answer 8

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies

Question 9

Treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis

Answer 9

Systemic antibiotics
Azithromycin 1 g repeated after 1 week is generally the treatment of choice with
some guidelines advocate only a single 1 g dose. Erythromycin, amoxicillin and
ciprofloxacin are alternatives.
• Topical antibiotics such erythromycin or tetracycline

Question 10

Trachoma is associated principally with infection by serovars….

Answer 10

A, b, Ab, C

Question 11

A pt with conjunctivitis presents with drye eyes, Arlts line and Herbert’s pits
What type of conjunctivitis are these sign relevant to?

Answer 11

cicatritial trachoma conjunctivitis

Question 12

Management of Trachoma conjunctivitis

Answer 12

SAFE
Surgery
Antibiotics : single dose Azithromycin
Facial cleaness
Environmental improvement

Question 13

Most common cause of viral conjunctivitis

Answer 13

Adenovirus

Question 14

Discharge of viral conjunctivitis

Answer 14

Watery

Question 15

Treatment of allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 15

Mild Symptoms: Artificial tears.
• Moderate Symptoms: Mast cell stabilizers or
Antihistamines in addition to preceding
medications.
• Severe Cases: Topical steroids

Question 16

Conjunctival discharge in Vernal keratoconjunctivitis and atopic keratoconjunctivitis

Answer 16

Mucoid

Question 17

Treatment of VKC & AKC

Answer 17

Mast cell stabilizers reduces the frequency of acute exacerbations and the
need for steroids.
• Topical antihistaminics are suitable for acute exacerbations but generally not
for continuous long-term use.
• Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory preparations may improve comfort
by blocking non-histamine mediators.
• Topical steroids especially if a corneal ulcer is present, They are usually
prescribed in short but intensive (e.g. 2-hourly initially) courses to avoid raised
intraocular pressure leading to steroid induced glaucoma.
• Oral antihistaminics

Surgery
Superficial keratectomy
Surface reatoration surgeries

Question 18

Most important risk factor in giant papillary conjunctivitis

Answer 18

Contact lens wear

Question 19

Discharge of giant papillary conjunctivitis

Answer 19

Mucoid

Question 20

Treatment of giant papillary conjunctivitis

Answer 20

Topical drops as antihistamines, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents,
steroids and mast cell stabilizers should be non-preserved in patients
wearing soft contact lenses

Question 21

What is the difference between pterygium and pinguecula

Answer 21

pterygium is histologically similar to a pinguecula
and shows elastotic degenerative changes In contrast
to pinguecula,
Pterygia encroach onto the cornea

Question 22

Treatment of pterygium

Answer 22

Medical
Bare sclera thechnique surgery

Question 23

A patient comes with Watery or mucopurulent discharge.
2. Tender preauricular lymphadenopathy.
3. Large follicles most prominent in the inferior fornix

These are signs of which type of conjunctivitis?

Answer 23

These are signs of chlamydial conjunctivitis