Conjugation And Resonance

Question 1

Sp2, sp3 and sp

Answer 1

Sp - tripple
Sp2 - double
Sp3 - single

Question 2

What is conjugation

Answer 2

Alternating double and single bondsq\

Question 3

What is resonance

Answer 3

Lone pair interaction with pi bond or 2 pi bond interacting
Has at least one double bond.
Must obey octet rule

Question 4

1,3-Butadiene conjugation

Answer 4

Has 2 pi bonds each made of 2 p orbitals = total of 4 orbitals therefore we would expect 4 orbitals housing 4 electrons

Question 5

Properties of 1,3-butadiene

Answer 5

Alternating double bonds
All carbons are sp2

Question 6

What is the allyl system

Answer 6

simplest conjugated system

Electrons can be delocalised over 3 atoms

Question 7

Allyl anion

Answer 7

One double bond and one single bond which has a - charge. The curly arrow moves from the - charge to the central carbon then from the double bond to the end of the bond.

Product has the double and single bond switched around with the - charge still on the single

Question 8

Allyl cation

Answer 8

Another double bond and single bond with a + charge. The curly arrow moves from the double bond to the single bond

Product has the double and single bond switched around with a - charge on the single bond

Question 9

What do these arrows show?

Answer 9

Delocalisation

Question 10

What are the 3 most important examples of conjugation over 3 atoms

Answer 10

Carboxylate anion, nitro group and amides