Conjuctiva

Question 1

What is Conjunctiva

Answer 1

Tissue /membrane that lines the anterior eye and posterior side of eyelids. composed of unkeratinised, stratifies squamous cells with goblet cells that produce mucin and columnar epithelium. Produces 75% of immune response at front of eye by stopping foreign objects and produces epithelium to cover corneal wounds. Goblet cells secrete mucus to form innermost layer of tear film.
inflammation of conjunctiva is conjunctivitis.
blood supply provides immune system components white blood cells etc to prevent infection.
forms border between cornea and sclera and contains aqueous humour outflow pathways

Question 2

Palpebrae Conjunctiva

Answer 2

Eyelids conjunctiva
Marginal- Transition zone between skin eyelids and conjunctiva- minimal keratinisation
Tarsal- relatively flat surface area- posterior side of eyelids
Orbital- Contains numerous goblet cells
Marginal - Marxs line, oculomulucetaneous junction, lid wiper zone, 0.1mm lid margin, non-keratinised before keratinised skin, adjacent ton meibomian gland

Question 3

Bulbar Conjunctiva

Answer 3

Covers anterior eye. Thinnest pat of conjunctiva a has fewer goblet cells. loosely attached except from area near limbus and near insertions of recti muscles.
Limbal Conjunctiva- part of the bulbar conjunctiva a which covers the limbal region.

Question 4

Conjunctival Fornices

Answer 4

Forms conjunctival sac and forms cul-de-sac lining inside of eyelids to stop anything go past that point and into anterior eye. Comparatively thicker and loosely attchedx to allow for movement of globe . split into 4 regions inferior, superior, medial, lateral

Question 5

Conjunctival Epithelium

Answer 5

Made up off numerous goblet cells that secret much onto ocular surface- much bigger than epithelial cells as they secrete.
The loose conjunctival sub-epithelial vascular connective tissue ( substantia propria) contains immunocompetent cells eg white blood cells- lymphocytes , plasma cells.

Question 6

Sub- conjunctival stroma- under bulbar/limbus conjunctiva

Answer 6

irregular bundles of type 1 collagen , melanocytes, fibrocytes, blood vessels lymphatic vessels.
Mast cells to release inflammatory response eg histamine- 50 million MC in conjunctiva

Question 7

Glands

Answer 7

Location of eyelashes- cilia
Glands of Wolfring and Krause- small mucuous accessory lacrimal glands found under eyelids where upper and lower conjunctiva meet.
Glands of Zeiss- eyelash follicles.
Glands of Moll- modifies sweat glands close to eyelashes,
Glands of Zeiis and Moll produce sebum that keeps eyelashes supple.