Conj disease Flashcards
What is a conjunctival cyst?
= inclusion/retention cyst
- fluid filled sac
potential symptoms of conjunctival cyst?
irritation
What are concretions?
mucous secretions + epithelial cells + calcium
another name for conj concretions?
ocular lithiasis
When do you treat conj concretions?
if bothersome or stain, can remove
What is a conj nevus?
proliferation of melanocytes
when does a conj nevus develop?
puberty/ early adulthood
by 20s
can increase in size during puberty
what are characteristics for a conj nevus?
What is diagnostic for conj nevus?
unilateral, usually only one
mobile
30% non-pigmented
INCLUSION CYST inside
what is the most common location for a conj cyst?
juxtalimbal > plica/caruncle
what are melanosomes?
organelle in melanocytes
- contains melanin
what type of cancer can conj nevus cause?
melanoma
What is primary acquired melanosis?
unilateral (usually flat) acquired pigment with indistinct margins
What is PAM a precursor to?
Malignant melanoma - 30% of patients (biopsy)
NOTE: usually benign
what are signs that PAM is melanoma?
nodular
increased vascularity
increased growth
*** does not have to be pigmented
Who gets conj melanomas?
50 year old white people
- hx of PAM (75%)
- nevus (30%)
What is the most important prognostic indicator for malignancy in a conj melanoma?
thickness
What is the most common site for metastasis for a conj melanoma?
liver
What is the most common conjunctival neoplasia in the US?
CIN - conjunctival intraepithelial Neoplasia
what are other names for CIN?
Bowen’s disease
conjunctival squamous dysplasia
What is CIN?
unilateral, pre-malignant condition that can progress to squamous cell carcinoma
what is the risk of CIN progressing to a cancerous lesion?
low - because the basement membrane is usually intact.
what are risk factors for developing cancer from CIN?
UV-B light
smoking
exposure to petroleum derivatives
fair skin
xanthoderma pigmentosa
HIV
HPV
How do you distinguish benign vs malignant/pre-malignant lesions?
toluidine blue 0.05%
What is Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma? who gets it? located? cause? diagnositc?
rare, slow - growing malignant tumor.
white old males
limbus, can involve adjacent cornea
seen at limbus
CIN, UV radiation, HPV
usually has a feeder vessel