Congress of Vienna Flashcards
1
Q
What was the purpose of the Congress in Vienna and when was it?
A
June 1815
- Arrangement of Europe following the demise of the Napoleonic Empire and the “restoration of legitimacy”
- Maintenance of the status quo and repression of revolutionary activity in later years
2
Q
Who led Russia and what were his aims in the Congress?
A
Tsar Alexander
- Polish state under Russian control
- Divided Germany
- Prussian control of Saxony to keep it away from Russia
3
Q
Who led Prussia and what were his aims in the Congress?
A
Freidrich Wilhelm II
- Harsh Settlement for the French
- Expansion of Prussia into Northern Germany/Saxony
4
Q
Who led Austria and what were his aims in the Congress?
A
Metternich
- Strong central Europe under the influence of Austria to balance other nations
- Restraint of Prussia/Russia ambitions
- Continuation of monarchical government and aristocratic leadership
5
Q
Who led Britain and what were his aims in the Congress?
A
Castlereagh
- Peace/stability/move towards liberalism in places where possible (France/Poland)
- Retention of wartime gains overseas
-Humanitarian liberalism
6
Q
Who led France and what were his aims in the Congress?
A
Tallyrand
- Legitimacy of monarchs
- Restrictions on Prussian advancement
- Asserting France’s claim to be regarded as a major power
7
Q
What were the main decisions made?
A
- Creation of The Netherlands and fortifications against France (Cordon Sanitaire)
- Prussia given Westphalia back and part of the Rhine so it could support and defend against France
- Switzerland recognised as neutral
- Piedmont given more territory to defend against France while Austria gained influence and Lombardy/Venetia
- Restored Rulers of Italian provinces were related to the Hapsburgs
- Pope returned to the papal states with Ferdinand to Naples
- Holy Roman Empire not reestablished and German Confederation enstated
8
Q
How did the agreements increase Nationalism and liberalism?
A
- Unified German, Polish and Italian states
- French monarchy restored with a liberal charter
- Russia gave Poland a constitution and the German confederation made provisions for states to grant constitutions
