Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Tp2. Cardiovascular System > Congential Heart Defects > Flashcards

Congential Heart Defects Flashcards

1
Q

How many weeks into pregnancy would you do cardio genesis

A

8weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many weeks into pregnancy pulse you scan for the heart defects

A

20 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can cause the heart defects in the foetus

A

Drugs
Environment
Infections
Genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the difference between the cyanosic and the acyanotic heart defects

A

Cyanosic: causing the blueing of the limbs due to the lack of oxygen
Acyanotic: not blueing (unless would have the aortic issues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is and ASD and what is the symptoms

A

Atrial septal defect (gap between two atria)
Dyspnea
Respiratory infections
Palpitations
RV hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What sounds would the ASD defect make

A

Parasternal heave (on the right side)
Upper left murmur (increased blood flow over the PV)
Lower left murmur (increased blood flow over the TV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the general symptoms for the heart defects

A

Tachycardia
Dyspnea
Respiratory infections
Arrhythmias
angina
Palpitations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the VSD

A

When would have a hole in their interventricular septum
Mainly in the membranous area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What sound would you hear from a VSD

A

The harsh holosystolic murmur (left sternal boarder)
Apical mid-diastolic murmur (as would increase flow over the mitral valve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is special about the patent foremen ovale

A

Would not effect the person
The left side would have such a high pressure
This hole can be bypassed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is aortic stenosis

A

When would have the ion ore to opening of the aortic valve
Would come from the calcification and the fibrosis of the valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What sound would be heard in the aortic stenosis

A

The crescendo decresendo murmur (loudest at the base)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is pulmonary stenosis

A

When not having the proper opening of the pulmonary valves in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What sound would you have for the pulmonary stenosis

A

Split S2 sound
Parasternal heave (on the sternum)
Early systolic ejection murmur (upper left would have a palpatable thrill)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a patent ducteous arteriosus

A

When would not have the proper closure of the DA when born
(Would normally have the increase oxygen tension and the decreased prostaglandins)
Would have some of the oxygenated blood leak back into the PA and go to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What sound would be heard in the PDA

A

Continuous machine like murmur (as constant blood flow would go over the PDA)

17
Q

What are the cyanotic heart defects

A

Tetralogy of fallout
Pulmonary atresia
Transposition of the great artery’s

18
Q

What is coartication of the aorta

A

When have the narrowing of the aorta (mainly from TURNER SYNDROME)
RIB NOTCHING A SUGN IN X-RAYS
Differential cyanosis (Lower limbs)

19
Q

What sounds would be heard from the coartication of the aorta

A

Weak femoral pulse
Mid-systolic ejection murmur (TURBULENT THROUGH NARROWING)

20
Q

What is involved in the tetralogy of fallout

A

P: pulmonary obstruction
R: right ventricle hypertrophy
O: overriding aorta
V: ventricle septum defect

21
Q

What is pulmonary atresia with a VSD

A

Not correct forming of the PA
Would normally form in the position of the VSD
Would then not be able to have blood go to the lungs unless you would open the ducts
(Can happen with the tetralogy of fallot)

22
Q

What are the sounds for a pulmonary atresia

A

Split S2 sound
Pulmonary regurgitation
VSD murmur (blood constantly through the hole)

23
Q

What is transposition of the great artery’s

A

Would have the artery’s be on the wrong sides

24
Q

How would you manage the transposition of the great artery’s when the child is born

A

Would give Prostaglandins
Open ducteous anteriosus
Would then allow blood to be oxygenated

25
Q

What sounds would be heard when have the transposition of the great artery’s

A

Accentuated S2 beat (on the right side as now more anterior)
RV pulse on the sternal boarder

26
Q

How would you solve the transposition

A

Rashkind procedure: balloon in the septal defect and allow the blood to mix, can then get some deoxygenated blood
jatene procedure: switching of the vessels in the body

27
Q

What genetic defect can cause heart defects to occur

A

Trisomy 21
Leads to issues with the endocardial cushions
So would effect the septum formation

28
Q

What diseases can cause transposition of the great artery

A

Maternal diabetes

29
Q

What disease can lead to a VSD

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

30
Q

What disease can lead to an ASD

A

Down’s syndrome
When the ostium primum type

31
Q

What disease can lead to a PDA

A

congenital rubella

32
Q

What are the right to left shunt defects

A

The five Ts
Tetralogy of the fallout
Transposition of the great vessels
Truncus arteriosus
Tricuspid atresia
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR)

33
Q

What are the left to right shunt defects

A

ASD
VSD
PDA

34
Q

What can the MI do the papillary muscles of the heart

A

Would effect the valves function
Could lead to the regurgitation of the blood (as the valves would not be able to close properly)

35
Q

What would normally develop from the PDA

A

The eisenmengers disease
(Would have the right hypertrophy and the growth of the muscle)

36
Q

What would happen to the JVP when you have a increased pulmonary pressure

A

Would have an increase

37
Q

What congenital defect would lead to the increased JVP

A

The pulmonary stenosis
High pressure on the right side would push blood back through the vena cava and up the jugular vein

38
Q

What defects would lead to the eisenmengers

A

ASD - normally right to left, soon would be reversed
PDA - increased pressure in PA, backflow (cyanosis of lower extremities)

Tp2. Cardiovascular System (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions