Congenital Malformation

Question 1

Diastematomyelia

Answer 1

Spinal cord split in 2

Question 2

Spina Bifida Cystica

what is other one?

Answer 2

herniation of spinal cord/meninges through vertebral arch defect
Spina bifida occulta

Question 3

Spina bifida

Answer 3

Neural tube defect

failure posterior neuropore to close

Question 4

Spina bifida Cystica with meningomyelocle

Answer 4

herniation of meninges, CSF and spinal cord

Question 5

Spina bifida cystica - myeloschisis

Answer 5

spinal cord is open (neural folds didn’t close)

Question 6

Spina bifida cystica with meningocele

Answer 6

meninges and CSF herniated

Question 7

Anencephaly

Answer 7

failure anterior neurpore to close

skull doesn’t form, brain tissue degenerates (can’t live)

Question 8

Encephalocoele

Answer 8

failure anterior neuropore to close

herniation cerebrum through skull defect

Question 9

Hydrocephalus

Answer 9

accumulation of CSF

Question 10

Craniorachischisis

Answer 10

failure of entire neural tube to close

Question 11

Polymicrogyria

Answer 11

excessive small gyri

Question 12

Lissencephaly

Answer 12

smooth brain due to defect of neuronal migration

Question 13

agenesis corpus callosum

Answer 13

failure of corpus callosum to develop

Question 14

Porencephaly

Answer 14

CSF filled cysts

Question 15

Microcephaly

Answer 15

small underdeveloped brain

Question 16

Schizencephaly

Answer 16

clefts in cerebrum