Congenital & Inherited defects Flashcards
What is a Congenital Defect?
A defect present at birth that may either be inherited or arise as a result of environmental factors
What is a Hereditary Defect?
A defect that is always inherited from the genes acquired from the parent(s). May be present at birth or develop later
Examples of congenital defects affecting any breed of dog or cat
Cleft palate
Umbilical hernia
What is hip dysplasia?
A hereditary disease characterised by loose fitting hip joints
List 4 dog breeds commonly affected by hip dysplasia
German Shepherd
Golden Retriever
Labrador Retriever
Rottweiler
Which 2 organisations run a scheme for testing prospective breeding dogs for hip dysplasia
The British Veterinary Association
The Kennel Club
What is the minimum age for a dog to be tested under the BVA/KC hip dysplasia scheme?
12 months
Give 4 examples of hereditary eye defects
Hereditary Cataracts
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous
Progressive Retinal Atrophy
Primary Lens Luxation
What is Ectropion?
Outward turning of the eyelid
What is entropion
Inward turning of the eyelid
Name 2 dog breeds commonly affected by entropion
Cocker Spaniel
Shar Pei
Define Cryptorchidism
1 or both testicles retained within the abdomen (i.e. undescended)
Define Monorchidism
An animal which only has ONE testicle
What breed of dog is prone to Wobbler syndrome?
The Doberman
What inherited defect may affect red cocker spaniels?
Rage Syndrome
Which coat colour (particularly in collies) is caused by an incomplete dominant gene and may be associated with deafness?
Merle
Which common inherited abnormality affects white cats with blue eyes?
Deafness
What breed of cat may be affected by congenital hypokalaemia?
Burmese
What is elbow dysplasia?
Abnormal development of the elbow
What are the primary defects seen with Elbow Dysplasia?
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD)
Fragmented Coronoid Process (FCP)
Ununited Anconeal Process UAP)
What condition develops secondary to primary elbow dysplasia?
Arthritis
Which breeds are at risk of Elbow Dysplasia?
Basset Hound Bernese Mountain Dog Dogue de Bordeaux GSD Labrador Rottweiler
