Congenital Infections, Nosocomial-acquired, and community-acquired intro Flashcards
Most Common agents if congenital infections
TORCH TOxoplasmosa Rubella CMV HSV 1 or 2
what is the test for common agents in congenital infections
TORCH
a test to detect a congenital infection through a series of test for specific IgM in chord blood
HSV infections can cause infections in neonates through:
skin, eyes, mouth
CNS disease
Disseminated disease with or without CNS disease
what is the leading cause of infection and morbidity in the neonate
CMV
what test do you use to test for syphilis
STORCH test
how often does CMV congenital infection occur
1 in 150 live births leading to permant disability of 1 in 750 live births in the US
what percentage of meningitis cases are nosocomial-acquired
50%
what is the most common etiology of hospital acquired meningitis
s. aureus
coagulase negative streptococci
non-pneumococcal streptococi
gram-negative rods
is the port of entry of viral infection in community acquired bacterial meningitis the brain?
NO
what is more common community acquired bacterial meningitis or viral meningitis
viral
what are the most common agents in bacterial meningitis of neonates
s. agalactiae
E. coli
K. pneumoniae
what is the most common cause of meningitis in infants and young children
n.meningitides
s. pneumoniae
mycobacterium tuberculosis
what is the most common etiology of meningitis in adolescents and elderly
n.meningitides
s. pneumoniae
>50= L. monocytogenes
what are the symptoms of meningitis in the young adult-> adult
irratibility lethargy fever others: headache, nuchal rigid, vomit, opisthotonos, eyeball pressure, photophobia
what is the greatest risk of meningitis and other invasive disease in neonate
low birth weight
define LBW,VLBW,ELBW
LBW < 1000g/ 2.2 lbs
what factors predisposes LBW,VLBW and ELBW to infant infections
- impaired innate and adaptive immune functions
2. required nosocomial techniques and devices to keep them alive
About ½ of all deaths in the 2nd week of life of VLBW infants is due to?
sepsis
what material events can cause predisposing cause of neonatal meningitis
- premature rupture of membrane for over 24 hrs
- material infection
- excessive manipulation or intrauterine device during delivery
what is the most common source of infection acquired in utero
infected chorioamniotic and amniotic fluid
infected blood
during parturition, aspiration of infected vaginal secretions
signs of neonatal meningitis which is different than other age groups
fever, lethargy, poor feeding, GI disturbance, Resp. abnormalities and cardiac abnormalities budging fontanelle
