Congenital Infections, Nosocomial-acquired, and community-acquired intro

Question 1

Most Common agents if congenital infections

Answer 1

TORCH
TOxoplasmosa
Rubella
CMV
HSV 1 or 2

Question 2

what is the test for common agents in congenital infections

Answer 2

TORCH

a test to detect a congenital infection through a series of test for specific IgM in chord blood

Question 3

HSV infections can cause infections in neonates through:

Answer 3

skin, eyes, mouth
CNS disease
Disseminated disease with or without CNS disease

Question 4

what is the leading cause of infection and morbidity in the neonate

Answer 4

CMV

Question 5

what test do you use to test for syphilis

Answer 5

STORCH test

Question 6

how often does CMV congenital infection occur

Answer 6

1 in 150 live births leading to permant disability of 1 in 750 live births in the US

Question 7

what percentage of meningitis cases are nosocomial-acquired

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

what is the most common etiology of hospital acquired meningitis

Answer 8

s. aureus
coagulase negative streptococci
non-pneumococcal streptococi
gram-negative rods

Question 9

is the port of entry of viral infection in community acquired bacterial meningitis the brain?

Answer 9

NO

Question 10

what is more common community acquired bacterial meningitis or viral meningitis

Answer 10

viral

Question 11

what are the most common agents in bacterial meningitis of neonates

Answer 11

s. agalactiae
E. coli
K. pneumoniae

Question 12

what is the most common cause of meningitis in infants and young children

Answer 12

n.meningitides
s. pneumoniae
mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 13

what is the most common etiology of meningitis in adolescents and elderly

Answer 13

n.meningitides
s. pneumoniae
>50= L. monocytogenes

Question 14

what are the symptoms of meningitis in the young adult-> adult

Answer 14

irratibility
lethargy
fever
others:
headache, nuchal rigid, vomit, opisthotonos, eyeball pressure, photophobia

Question 15

what is the greatest risk of meningitis and other invasive disease in neonate

Answer 15

low birth weight

Question 16

define LBW,VLBW,ELBW

Answer 16

LBW < 1000g/ 2.2 lbs

Question 17

what factors predisposes LBW,VLBW and ELBW to infant infections

Answer 17

1. impaired innate and adaptive immune functions

2. required nosocomial techniques and devices to keep them alive

Question 18

About ½ of all deaths in the 2nd week of life of VLBW infants is due to?

Answer 18

sepsis

Question 19

what material events can cause predisposing cause of neonatal meningitis

Answer 19

1. premature rupture of membrane for over 24 hrs
2. material infection
3. excessive manipulation or intrauterine device during delivery

Question 20

what is the most common source of infection acquired in utero

Answer 20

infected chorioamniotic and amniotic fluid
infected blood
during parturition, aspiration of infected vaginal secretions

Question 21

signs of neonatal meningitis which is different than other age groups

Answer 21

fever, lethargy, poor feeding, GI disturbance, Resp. abnormalities and cardiac abnormalities budging fontanelle