Congenital Heart Diseases/ Buzz Words Flashcards
What is a probe-patent foramen ovale? How common is it?
About 20% of individuals have a membranous flap of tissue over the foramen ovale that can be opened by pushing a probe on it.
What happens if pressures on the right side of the heart change in a person with probe-patent foramen ovale?
Eisenmenger complex: If right side heart pressure increases, deoxygenated blood can be pushed into the left atria from the right atria (skip the lungs)
Where are ostium secundum defects located?
smooth-walled defects near the foramen ovale (90% of ASDs)
Where are ostium primum defects located? What are they associated with?
occur at the lowest part of the atrial septum (associated with mitral and tricuspid valve abnormalities)
Where are sinus venosus defects located?
located high in the atrial septum
What are the 4 components of Tetralogy of Fallot?
(1) VSD
(2) overriding aorta
(3) pulmonic stenosis
(4) RV hypertrophy
What are the most common acyanotic congenital heart diseases?
VSD ASD PDA Pulmonic stenosis Aortic stenosis
What are the most common cyanotic congenital heart diseases?
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition of the arteries
Truncus Arteriosus
(things that start with T except for hypoplastic left heart)
Buzz words: Mitral Valve Prolapse.
Common
Benign
Midsystolic click
+/- regurgitation
Buzz words: Marantic Endocarditis.
Common
Thrombi on Valves
Precursor to infective Endocarditis
Buzz words: Libman-Sacks Endocarditis.
Part of SLE
Most common in young, black females
RARELY embolizes
Buzz words: Infective Endocarditis.
Uncommon
Fatal if Missed
Heart murmurs
Blood cultures
Buzz words: calcific aortic stenosis.
Common
Male
Systolic Ejection Murmur
Onset of symptoms= time for valve replacement
