Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards
Congenital heart disease
A gross structural abnormality of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels that is/ potentially of functional significance.
Present at birth
Mild severity
Asymptomatic, may resolve spontaneously or develop to moderate/ severe in adulthood in some cases
Moderate severity
Requires specialist intervention and monitoring in a cardiac centre
Severe severity
Present severely ill/ die in newborn period
Major severity
Requires surgery within first year of life
When is antenatal screening carried out?
US at 18-22 weeks
Intervention if duct dependent lesion
PGE2 infusion
When does newborn screening occur and what is examined?
24hrs of age
Femoral pulses, heart sounds, murmurs
(Sometimes pre and post ductal O2 sats)
What conditions can cause cyanosis in newborns?
Cardiac disease
Resp disease
PPHN
Duct dependent systemic circulation conditions
Hypoplastic left heart, critical aortic stenosis, interrupted aortic arch, critical coarctation of aorta
Duct dependent pulmonary circulation conditions
Tricuspid atresia
Pulmonary atresia
Presentation with cardiac failure
Moderate/ large left to right shunts-> increased pulmonary flow, increased ventricular load
Usually present a few weeks after birth
Clinical signs of failure in babies
Don’t thrive Slow/ reduced feeding SOB Sweatiness Hepatomegaly Crepitations
When do murmurs tend to develop?
A few weeks after birth as pulmonary pressures drop
Patent ductus arteriosus repair
Catheter procedure
Follow up appointments to check flow stopped and device is in correct place
