Congenital Anomalies & Normal Anatomical Variants

Question 1

Non-Union of the Posterior Arch of C-spine

Answer 1

Posterior Ponticle

Question 2

The opening in the back of the ponticle of C1 is called

Answer 2

Arcurate Foramen

Question 3

3 aka’s for Non-union of posterior arch of C1

Answer 3

1. Spondyloschisis
2. Spina Bifida Occulta
3. Posterior rachischisis

Question 4

1) Name the defect.
2) What is the AKA?

Answer 4

block vertebra

(Wasp Waisted Vertebra)

Question 5

Name the defect. What disease is it associated with?

Answer 5

Multiple Block Vertebra = Klippel-Feil Syndrome

Question 6

This defect is unilateral.

Often associated with Klippel-Feil syndrome.

Answer 6

Sprengel’s Deformity

(note scapula at cervical region instead of thoracic)

Question 7

Name the defect.

Answer 7

Sprengel’s Deformity

Question 8

1) Yellow Arrows, 2) White Arrows

Answer 8

Yellow arrows = Schmorl’s nodes

White arrows = Limbus bone

Question 9

Center of vertebral bodies have this defect

Answer 9

Notochord Impression

Question 10

Anything noteworthy?

Answer 10

Knife Clasp deformity @ L5 SP

Spina Bifida Occulta (SBO)

Question 11

What is the femoral angle for a hip with Coxa Vera dysplasia?

Answer 11

<120 degrees

Question 12

What is the femoral angle for a hip with coxa valga hip dysplasia?

Answer 12

> 130 degrees

(Hint: to remember which, the longer word has the larger angle)

Question 13

Name the deformity

Answer 13

Tarsal Coalition

(MC = Talus-Calcaneous & Calcaneous-Navicular)

Question 14

Soft tissue swelling that occurs around the red arrow is called ___? If the white arrow was at the PIP what would this be known as?

Answer 14

Red arrow = Hebreden’s Nodes (at DIPs)

White arrow = Bouchard’s Nodes (at PIPs)

Question 15

Identify the small anterior vertebra opacities

Answer 15

Intercalary Ossicles (these are NOT Limbus bones)

These are additional signs of DDD

Question 16

True of False

A Limbus bone is a fractured piece of vertebral body.

Answer 16

False

It mimics a fracture but is a piece of disc material that usually herniates anteriorly (note it cause no clinical problems unless it herniates posterior to the vert body)

Question 17

True or False

A Schmorl’s node is caused by herniation of the nucleus propulsus

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Red Arrows show _____ sign.

This is an indication of _______.

Answer 18

Vacuum sign

Indicates DDD

Question 19

How would you know if this patient had canal stenosis?

Answer 19

1. Lateral Xray
2. Canal Distance from spinolaminar jct to George’s Line < 12 mm

Question 20

Name the red line

Answer 20

George’s Line

Question 21

Name the far left black line

Answer 21

Spinolaminar Junction

Question 22

Name of the sign (circled) & disease it is associated with

Answer 22

Gull Wing Sign = Erosive Osteoarthritis

Question 23

AKA for DISH

Answer 23

Forestier’s Disease

Question 24

DISH may cause canal stenosis if _____

Answer 24

the PLL becomes ossified (OPLL)

Question 25

3 Radiographic Hallmarks of DISH

Answer 25

1. Spndylophytes of at least 4 contiguous vert bodies
2. Relative preservation of disc heights
3. No Apophyseal, costotransverse, or SI jt ankylosis or erosions

Question 26

Name the Disease

Answer 26

DISH

Question 27

Name the Disease

Answer 27

DISH

Question 28

Name the Disease

Answer 28

DISH

Question 29

Name the Disease

Answer 29

DISH

Question 30

Name the disease

Answer 30

Charcot’s foot

Question 31

Name the disease

Answer 31

Charcot’s knees

Question 32

Name the disease

Answer 32

Charcot’s shoulder

Question 33

A common DDX for Charcot’s of the spine might be ____

Answer 33

infection (aka = Pott’s Disease)

Question 34

Which is Posterior Tubercle of C1?

Answer 34

8

Question 35

Which is Facet for Dens?

Answer 35

3