Conformity

Question 1

Conforming meaning

Answer 1

A change in a person’s behaviour or attitude because of pressure from a group of individual

Question 2

3 types of conformity

Answer 2

Compliance, identification, internalisation

Question 3

Compliance

Answer 3

Publicly conforming to the view of others but privately maintaining own view

Question 4

Identification

Answer 4

Adopting group views privately and publicly because you value group membership

Question 5

Internalisation

Answer 5

A conversion of private views to match those of the group

Question 6

Explanations of conformity

Answer 6

Informational social influence (ISI) and Normative social influence (NSI)

Question 7

ISI

Answer 7

Agreeing with the majority because you believe it is correct. We accept it because we want it to be correct (internalisation)

Question 8

NSI

Answer 8

Agreeing with the majority because we want to be accepted, gain social approval and be liked (compliance)

Question 9

NSI vs ISI differences

Answer 9

ISI - cognitive/ NSI - Emotional
ISI - need to be right/ NSI - fit in
ISI - ‘internalise’/ NSI - comply

Question 10

Asch procedure

Answer 10

123 American male students shown 2 cards - one with a standard line, the other with comparison lines. Ppts were asked which lines matched. Each ppt was tested with a group of 6-8 confederates. Confederates gave the right answer the first trial, then collectively got the answers wrong.

Question 11

Asch findings

Answer 11

Critical trials, ppts gave an incorrect answer 36.8% of the time
75% of ppts conformed at least once

Question 12

Asch variations and findings

Answer 12

Task difficulty - conformity increased due to ISI
Group size - conformity increased due to NSI
Unanimity - conformity decreased due to NSI

Question 13

Asch (AO3) Outdated

Answer 13

Perrin and Spencer repeated the study with engineering students and found that only one conformed in 396 trials.

Question 14

Asch A03s

Answer 14

lacks ecological validity (mundane realism), ethical issues (deception/harm), Sample not generalisable

Question 15

Zimbardo procedure

Answer 15

21 male uni volunteers randomly assigned to one of two roles. Stanford Uni basement was used as mock prison. Prisoners were arrested, fingerprinted, stripped and numbered. Guards were given uniforms, sunglasses, handcuffs and a baton.

Question 16

Zimbardo findings

Answer 16

Ppts conformed to their social roles, prisoners rebelled guards became abusive.
5 prisoners released early
Experiment lasted 6 days meant to last 2 weeks

Question 17

Zimbardo (AO3) individual differences

Answer 17

Not all ppts were affected by the situational factors. Some guards helped the prisoners