Conflict and Stress Flashcards
Conflict Definition
the process that occurs when one person, group, or organizational subunit frustrates the goal attainment of another
Intergroup Bias
even without interaction or cohesion, people have a tendency to develop a more positive view of their own “in group” and a less positive view of the “out group” of which they are not a member
Interdependence
when individuals or subunits are mutually dependent on each other to accomplish their own goals, the potential for conflict exists
Power
if dependence is not mutual but one way, the potential for conflict increases
Status
status differences provide little motivation for conflict when people of lower status are dependent on those of higher status
Culture
when two or more very different cultures develop in an organization, the clash in beliefs and values can result in overt conflict
Relationship conflict
interpersonal tensions among individuals that have to do with their relationship per se, not the task at hand
Task Conflict
disagreements about the nature of the work to be done
Process Conflict
disagreements about how work should be organized
constructive conflict
conflict for which the benefits outweigh the costs
conflict stimulation
a strategy of increasing conflict to motivate change
avoiding
conflict management style characterized by low assertiveness of one’s own interests and low cooperation with other party
accommodating
conflict management style where one cooperates with other party while not asserting one’s own interests
competing
maximizes assertiveness and minimizes cooperation
collaborating
maximizes both assertiveness and cooperation
compromise
combines intermediate levels of assertiveness and cooperation
negotiation
decision making process among interdependent parties who do not share identical preferences
distributive negotiation
win-lose in which a fixed number of assets is divided between parties
integrative negotiation
win-win where mutual problem solving can enlarge the assets to be divided between parties
distributive negotiation tactics
- threats and promises
- firmness vs concessions
- persuasion
integrative negotiation tactics
- copious information exchange
- framing differences as opportunities
- cutting costs
- increasing resources
- introducing subordinate goals
subordinate goals
attractive outcomes can only be achieved by cooperation
stressors
environmental events or conditions that have the potential to induce stress
What is Stress?
Psychological and physiological reaction to the demands inherent in a stressor that have the potential to make a person feel tense or anxious
Feeling stressed… for how long?
- Acute: a short, single event
- Episodic: a delineated period of time
- Chronic: non-stop, consistent stress
locus of control
set of beliefs about whether one’s behaviour is controlled mainly by internal and external forces
type A behaviour
personality pattern that includes aggressiveness, ambitiousness, competitiveness, hostility, and a sense of time urgency
workaholism
addiction to work
negative affectivity
views everything in a negative light
role overload
too many tasks to be performed in too short a time period or to work too many hours
boundary roles
organizational members are required to interact with members of other organizations or with the public
work engagement
positive work-related state of mind that is characterized by vigour, dedication, and absorption
job demands-resources model
job demands cause burnout and job resources cause engagement
work ostracism
group or individuals fails to interact with a coworker when it would be normal to do so
presenteeism
attending work when will
