Conflict and Stress

Question 1

Conflict Definition

Answer 1

the process that occurs when one person, group, or organizational subunit frustrates the goal attainment of another

Question 2

Intergroup Bias

Answer 2

even without interaction or cohesion, people have a tendency to develop a more positive view of their own “in group” and a less positive view of the “out group” of which they are not a member

Question 3

Interdependence

Answer 3

when individuals or subunits are mutually dependent on each other to accomplish their own goals, the potential for conflict exists

Question 4

Power

Answer 4

if dependence is not mutual but one way, the potential for conflict increases

Question 5

Status

Answer 5

status differences provide little motivation for conflict when people of lower status are dependent on those of higher status

Question 6

Culture

Answer 6

when two or more very different cultures develop in an organization, the clash in beliefs and values can result in overt conflict

Question 7

Relationship conflict

Answer 7

interpersonal tensions among individuals that have to do with their relationship per se, not the task at hand

Question 8

Task Conflict

Answer 8

disagreements about the nature of the work to be done

Question 9

Process Conflict

Answer 9

disagreements about how work should be organized

Question 10

constructive conflict

Answer 10

conflict for which the benefits outweigh the costs

Question 11

conflict stimulation

Answer 11

a strategy of increasing conflict to motivate change

Question 12

avoiding

Answer 12

conflict management style characterized by low assertiveness of one’s own interests and low cooperation with other party

Question 13

accommodating

Answer 13

conflict management style where one cooperates with other party while not asserting one’s own interests

Question 14

competing

Answer 14

maximizes assertiveness and minimizes cooperation

Question 15

collaborating

Answer 15

maximizes both assertiveness and cooperation

Question 16

compromise

Answer 16

combines intermediate levels of assertiveness and cooperation

Question 17

negotiation

Answer 17

decision making process among interdependent parties who do not share identical preferences

Question 18

distributive negotiation

Answer 18

win-lose in which a fixed number of assets is divided between parties

Question 19

integrative negotiation

Answer 19

win-win where mutual problem solving can enlarge the assets to be divided between parties

Question 20

distributive negotiation tactics

Answer 20

1. threats and promises
2. firmness vs concessions
3. persuasion

Question 21

integrative negotiation tactics

Answer 21

1. copious information exchange
2. framing differences as opportunities
3. cutting costs
4. increasing resources
5. introducing subordinate goals

Question 22

subordinate goals

Answer 22

attractive outcomes can only be achieved by cooperation

Question 23

stressors

Answer 23

environmental events or conditions that have the potential to induce stress

Question 24

What is Stress?

Answer 24

Psychological and physiological reaction to the demands inherent in a stressor that have the potential to make a person feel tense or anxious

Question 25

Feeling stressed… for how long?

Answer 25

1. Acute: a short, single event
2. Episodic: a delineated period of time
3. Chronic: non-stop, consistent stress

Question 26

locus of control

Answer 26

set of beliefs about whether one’s behaviour is controlled mainly by internal and external forces

Question 27

type A behaviour

Answer 27

personality pattern that includes aggressiveness, ambitiousness, competitiveness, hostility, and a sense of time urgency

Question 28

workaholism

Answer 28

addiction to work

Question 29

negative affectivity

Answer 29

views everything in a negative light

Question 30

role overload

Answer 30

too many tasks to be performed in too short a time period or to work too many hours

Question 31

boundary roles

Answer 31

organizational members are required to interact with members of other organizations or with the public

Question 32

work engagement

Answer 32

positive work-related state of mind that is characterized by vigour, dedication, and absorption

Question 33

job demands-resources model

Answer 33

job demands cause burnout and job resources cause engagement

Question 34

work ostracism

Answer 34

group or individuals fails to interact with a coworker when it would be normal to do so

Question 35

presenteeism

Answer 35

attending work when will