confidence

Question 1

what is Weinberg & Goulds (2011) definition of self-confidence?

Answer 1

“the factor that consistently distinguishes highly successful from successful athletes is confidence”

Question 2

three ways to build confidence in athletes:

Answer 2

1) self talk
2) goal setting (long & short term)
3) repetition of training & scenarios

Question 3

when can confidence questionnaires be used?

Answer 3

as pre or post-measures

Question 4

negatives to confidence questionnaires:

Answer 4

they can be subjective
athletes may not be completely honest about their answers due to fear of feeling vulnerable

Question 5

positive to confidence questionnaires:

Answer 5

they are time efficient

Question 6

what is roger bannister’s 4 minute model?

Answer 6

it was believed its was physically impossible to run a mile in 4 minute
roger bannister successfully beat the time & lead onto for more people achieving the time - removing psychological limit

Question 7

types of confidence in sport:

Answer 7

1) ability to execute physical skills
2) ability to execute psychological skills
3) using preparation skills (e.g. decision making)
4) level of fitness & training status - important for athletes returning for injury
5) leaning potential or ability to improve skill

Question 8

what do professionals need to know when working with athletes?

Answer 8

when their confidence is low and high - specific programmes can be created to provide support

Question 9

state self-confidence:

Answer 9

something you feel today (therefore unstable)/dependent on the situation

Question 10

trait self-confidence:

Answer 10

part of your personality (stable) - a typical level of confidence

Question 11

benefits of confidence in sport:

Answer 11

1) arouses positive emotions
2) facilitates concentration
3) facilitates goal setting
4) increases effort
5) maintains momentum
6) focuses on game strategy (play to win)

Question 12

who proposed the self-efficacy theory

Answer 12

bandura - 1977

Question 13

what does the self-efficacy theory provide?

Answer 13

a model to study then effects of self-confidence on sports performance, persistence and behaviour

Question 14

what is a situation-specific form of self-confidence?

Answer 14

the belief in being able to complete a particular task - it can transfer to similar skills or situations

Question 15

what can’t self-efficacy do by itself?

Answer 15

predict success - individual must have the skills and drive to succeed

Question 16

how can self-confidence be built?

Answer 16

1) optimise training/preparation
2) focus on performance accomplishments
3) thinking confidently
4) acting confidently - looking confident to make people believe you are confident
5) using imagery