Conducting Division Histology Flashcards
What are the components of the conducting division?
Nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, mouth
larynx
trachea
bronchi/bronchioles
Functions of the respiratory conducting division?
Moistens, warms/cools, and filters air
Delivers air to respiratory division
Decreases velocity of air due to increased cross sectional area
What is the choanae?
The area the nose opens to nasopharynx
What is the histology of the anterior portion of the nasal cavity?
lined with skin
Coarse hairs (vibrissae)
Dermis contains sebaceous and sweat glands
What type of epithelium is present at the rear portion of the nasal cavity?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
What portion of the nose is responsible for the most anterior nosebleeds in the nose?
Keisselbach’s plexus (little’s area)
What mucosal cells are plentiful in the posterior nasal cavity?
Goblet cells
What cells make up the olfactory epithelium?
Bipolar cells
Sustentacular cells
Basal cells
What is the role of bowman’s gland?
Produce mucous to trap scent particles for the bipolar cells to sense
What is the role of sustentacular cells?
Support the bipolar cells
What is the role of basal cells?
Stem cells that become either bipolar or sustentacular cells
Where are the paranasal sinuses?
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Frontal
Maxilla
What is the epithelium morphology of the oropharynx? The nasopharynx? The laryngeal pharynx?
Oropharynx: stratified squamous
Nasopharynx: Respiratory (pseutostratified ciliary columnar)
Laryngeal pharynx: Stratified squamous
Which portions of the trachea have elastic cartilage?
Epiglottis
Corniculate and cuneiform
Superior aspect of arytenoids
Which portions of the trachea have hyaline cartilage?
Thyroid
Cricoid
Inferior aspect of arytenoids
Is movement for cartilage in trachea moved by intrinsic or extrinsic skeletal muscle?
Both
What are the superior and inferior surfaces of the epiglottis made of?
Superior: Stratified squamous
Inferior: Respiratory epithelium
Is the superior or inferior vocal fold mobile?
Inferior
What moves the inferior vocal fold?
Vocalis muscle and vocal ligament
What type of epithelium does the superior vocal folds have? Inferior vocal folds?
Superior: Respiratory
Inferior: Stratified squamous
What is the structure of cartilage in the trachea?
C shaped, open end facing posteriorly
What muscle decreases luminal size of the trachea?
Trachealis
What are the three layers to the trachea?
Mucosa
Submucosa
Adventitia
What is the histology of the mucosal layer of the trachea?
Respiratory epithelium
Thick basement membrane
Lamina propria consisting of loose fibroelastic tissue
What is the layer that separates the mucosa from the submucosa in the trachea?
Elastic lamina
What are the three major cells of the respiratory epithelium in the trachea?
Pseudostratified ciliary epithelium
Goblet cells
Basal cells
What does the submucosa consist of in the trachea?
Dense irregular connective tissue
Mucosal glands
Lymphoid elements
What does the adventitia layer of the trachea consist of?
Fibroelastic tissue
Cartilage
(anchors trachea to esophagus)
What trends are seen as you pass down the bronchial tree?
Decreasing cartilage, glands, cellular height
Increasing smooth muscle and elastic tissue
What is the intrapulmonary bronchi cartilage like?
Not C-shaped, instead irregular
What distinguishes bronchioles from bronchi?
No cartilage, abundant smooth muscle and elastic/connective tissue
What is the role of club cells?
secretory granules that help break down toxins via P450
Produce surfactants
Divide and replenish epithelium
What does the epithelium look like for terminal bronchioles?
Simple cuboidal and club cells
