Conduct of Anaesthesia Flashcards
What common drugs are used in IV induction?
Propofol
Thiopentone
What gas is commonly used in gas induction?
Sevoflurane (halothane)
What are the planes of anaesthesia?
Analgesia/sedation
Excitation
Anaesthesia: light to deep
Overdose
What signs are used to monitor conscious level?
Loss of verbal contact Movement Respiratory pattern Processed EEG Stages or 'planes' of anaesthesia
What is the triple airway movement?
Head tilt
Chin lift
jaw thrust
What apparatus is used to maintain airway?
Face mask
Oropharyngeal airway
Nasopharyngeal airway
How is a face mask used?
Contoured to face to allow a gas-tight seal
Face lifted into it
How is an oropharyngeal airway used?
Only tolerated by an unconsciousness patient
Insertion in ‘light’ patent may cause vomiting or laryngospasm
How is a laryngeal mask airway used?
Cuffed tube with mask sitting over glottis
Maintains but does not protect airway
What are some obstructive airway complications?
Ineffective triple airway manoeuvre
Airway device malposition or kinking
Laryngospasm
What adverse affects can be caused by laryngospasm?
Forced reflex adduction of vocal cords
Complete airway obstruction
What is the other main airway complication?
Aspiration (gastric contents, blood, surgical debris)
What is endotracheal intubation?
Placement of a cuffed tube in the trachea
What are the indications for intubation?
Protects airway from gastric contents Need for muscle relaxation Shared airway with risk of blood contamination Need for tight control of blood gases Restricted access to airway
What are the risks to an unconscious patient?
Airway Temperature Loss of other protective reflexes (corneal, joint position) Venous thromboembolism risk Consent and identification Pressure areas
