Conduct

Question 1

phases of anaethetic

Answer 1

Pre-operative assessment and planning
Preparation
Induction
Maintenance
Emergence
Recovery
Post-operative Care

Question 2

standardized WHO sign in

Answer 2

Correct patient
Correct procedure
Correct (and marked) site
Consent

Question 3

Association of Anaesthetists minimum standard monitoring

Answer 3

ECG
02 sats
NI bp monitoring
end tidal CO2
airway pressure monitoring

Question 4

what is the net step after completing monitoring

Answer 4

IV access and pre oxygenate

Question 5

why do we preoxygenate

Answer 5

Increase time to desaturate

Reduced Functional Residual Capacity under anaesthesia

Question 6

induction of anaesthesia forms

Answer 6

analgesic combined with hypnotic + or minus muscle relaxant

Question 7

analgesic drug examples

Answer 7

Fentanyl
Alfentanil

Question 8

hypnotic drug examples

Answer 8

Propofol
Thiopentone
Ketamine

Question 9

planes of anaesthesia

Answer 9

1: Analgesia and amnesia
2: Delirium to unconsciousness
3: Surgical anaesthesia
4: Apnoea to death

Question 10

how is a patients airway managed

Answer 10

Loss of airway reflexes
Relaxation of tissues

Open aiway:
triple airway manoeuvre and 02 mask

Oropharyngeal airway
“Guedel”

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA)

Endotracheal Tube (ETT) via laryngoscope

Question 11

what are reasons to intubate

Answer 11

Protection from aspiration
Need for muscle relaxation
Shared airway
Need for tight C02 control
Minimal access to patient

Question 12

options for patient breathing

Answer 12

Spontaneous ventilation

Controlled ventilation

Supported ventilation

Question 13

how should circulation be controlled by an anaesthetist

Answer 13

Control of haemodynamics
BP at least every 5 minutes

Vasoactive drugs

Question 14

Risks of anaesthesia

Answer 14

Anaphylaxis
Regurgitation and aspiration
Airway obstruction and hypoxia
Laryngospasm
Cardiovascular instability
Rarely, cardiac arrest

Question 15

awareness under anaesthesia

Answer 15

monitored through EEG monitor

Question 16

eye injuries under anaesthetic

Answer 16

corneal abrasion most common

eye taping during surgery as preventative measure

Question 17

hypothermia

Answer 17

temperature management during surgery - air warmers, warmer theatre, covered up everywhere other than vital site

particularly abdomindal surgery

Question 18

pressure injury

Answer 18

anaesthetist must check

gel pads, cables,

Question 19

venous thromboembolism

Answer 19

use intraoperative VTE prophalyxis
TED stockings
massage boots

Question 20

nerve injury

Answer 20

ulnar nerve and perineal nerve at risk of damage

positioning of patient important

supine
prone
deckchair

Question 21

maintenance phase

Answer 21

Vapour (“gas”)

Intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA)

Constant adjustment
Anticipation (blood loss/fluid shifts/major events)
Key moments in surgery

Question 22

additional roles of anaesthetist

Answer 22

Analgesia
Anti-emesis
Documentation
Communication
Advocacy

Question 23

analgesia criteria

Answer 23

Long-acting

Multi-modal

Intravenous vs local vs regional

Question 24

anti-emetics criteria

Answer 24

Multi-modal

Pharmacological vs non-pharmacological

Risk assessed

Question 25

what should be documented

Answer 25

Prescription record

Observation chart

Ventilation chart

Fluid balance

Question 26

process of emergence

Answer 26

Theatre “sign out”

Reversal of neuromuscular blockade

Anaesthetic agent stopped

Return of spontaneous breathing
Return of airway reflexes
Suctioning and removal of airway device
Transfer to recovery room

Question 27

recovery plan post op

Answer 27

Specific area
Dedicated, highly trained staff
Manage ABC until “awake”
Initial post-operative analgesia
Management of nausea
Handover to ward