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PTRS 845 Final > Conditions > Flashcards

Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Conditon: Aggravating Factors

  • Extension
  • Prolonged standing or walking
  • Walking downhill
  • Lying flat

** Anything that loads the posterior column **

A

Spinal Stenosis

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2
Q

Condition:

  • Swelling of costal cartilages
  • Anterior chest pain, loacilzed and superficial
  • Agg: breathing and trunk movement
  • Usually resolves in 12 wks
A

Tietze’s Syndrome

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3
Q

Condition: Lumbar axial pain that may refer to the LE, pain increased with extension and lateral rotation

A

Lumbar Facet Arthropathy

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4
Q

Condition: Represents a pathologic state in which the function of the spinal nerve roots is affected

A

Lumbar Radiculopathy

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5
Q

Condition:

  • Constant or Intermittent pain
  • Low grade ache
  • Leg sx rare
  • Morning stiffness/pain
  • Localized in low back, rare for pain to radiate
A

Degenerative Disc Disease

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6
Q

Condition: Aggravating Factors

  • s/p vigorous activity
  • Static posture
A

Functional Instability

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7
Q

Condition: acceleration-deceleration injury to the neck, injury to soft tissues

A

Whiplash injury

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8
Q

Condition: also known as a limbus fx, caused by excessive compression or distraction and present like a disc herniation

A

Apophyseal ring fx

Can think of it as a salter harris fx to the growth plate in the vertebral body

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9
Q

Condition: Presensts with excessive IR

A

Anteversion

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10
Q

Condition: Degenerative changes of the spine

A

Spondylosis

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11
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Limited ROM +/- mm guarding
  • Limited B SB
  • PPIVM: segmentally limited
  • PAIVM: limited, painful
  • NO neuro sx
  • Palpable tenderness and mm spasm
A

Cerivcal Facet Syndrome

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12
Q

Condition: MOI of sudden unguarded movement (i.e. flexion or rotation)

A

Acute Facet Joint

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13
Q

Condition: Symptoms

  • Flexion does not ease symtpoms
  • Rarely have back sx
A

Vascular Claudication

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14
Q

Condition:

AROM to end range limited by stiffness/spasm

A

Subacute stage of MVA/whiplash

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15
Q

Condition: Subjective Exam

  • Ache/stiffness
  • Cloward signs
  • Pin in upper neck, head, face, top of shoulder, scapula, posterior upper arm
  • May or may not have distal sx
A

Cervical Disc Herniation

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16
Q

Condition:

  • 50 + yo
  • Kyphotic position
  • Extension activities reduc stress on vertebral body
A

Thoracic Vertebral Fracture

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17
Q

Condition:

  • MOI: Sudden neck movement
  • Synovial capsule impingement w/in facet
  • Localized pain +/- mm spasm
  • Acute torticollis
A

Acute Cervical Facet Syndrome

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18
Q

Condition: Objective Exam

  • Skin color or temperature changes
  • Hair loss
  • Peripheral pulses absent
  • LE cramping/tightness
A

Vascular Claudication

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19
Q

Condition: Widening of the pars interarticularis fx with increased pain and radiculopathy

A

Spondylolisthesis

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20
Q

Condition:

History includes sudden onset of localized back pain that may resolve with continued activity

A

Protrusion

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21
Q

Condition: Results in increased intervertebral segment motion

A

Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

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22
Q

Condition:

  • Upper T-spin (T3-7)
  • Flat or Reduced thoracic kyphosis
A

Flexion movement impairment

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23
Q

Condition:

  • Stiffness > 30 min
  • Back pain improved w/exercise NOT rest
  • Awakening during 2nd half of night due to back pain
  • Alternating butt pain
  • Less than 2.5 cm of chest expansion
A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

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24
Q

Condition: Objective Exam

  • Flat lumbar posture
  • Painful/limited extension
  • Pain with SB on involved side
A

Spinal Stenosis

Flat back posture unload the posterior column

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25
Q

Condition: ASIS more lateral and PSIS more medial

A

Outflare

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26
Q

Condition: Easing Factors

  • Flexion
  • Sitting or squatting
  • Walking uphill
  • Bike riding
A

Spinal Stenosis

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27
Q

Condition: pounding headache associated with dizziness and visual distrubances

A

Vascular headache

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28
Q

Condition:

  • Slight flexed posture
  • Lateral Shift +/-
  • Limited ROM/Gaurded movement
  • Centralization of pain
A

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

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29
Q

Condition

  • Tightness anywhere on the cranium or suboccipital region
  • Bilat and trigeminal distribution
  • W > M
A

Tension HA

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30
Q

Condition: Body chart can include unilateral pain, buttock pain, LBP, or posterior leg pain to knee

A

SI Joint Dysfunction

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31
Q

Condition:

  • Lateral curve w/o rotational component
  • Can lead to mm spasm, inflammation, injury
  • Can be corrects with position changes
  • Tx underlying cause and it will resolve
A

Functional Scoliosis

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32
Q

Condition: Subjective

  • Bilat parathesia in glove distribution
  • Intermittent posterior thoracic pain or scapula pain
  • Sx worst in evening and with thoracic slump/flexion
  • Position of comfort is laying completely flat
A

T4 Syndrome

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33
Q

Condition: head and face pain arising from the UCS

A

Cervicogenic headache

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34
Q

Cervical Disc Herniation: Pain at back of neck, head and face

A

Upper C-spin

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35
Q

Condition:

  • M > F
  • 40-50
  • Occupation involves lifitng, sitting, oversure
A

Degenerative Disc Disease

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36
Q

Cervical Disc Herniation: Pain at base of neck and top of shld

A

C4-5

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37
Q

Condition: Pain worse with incline walking but improved with decline walking

A

Vascular Claudication

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38
Q

Condition: Pt. may have back pain, leg pain, or a combination of the two

A

Spondylolisthesis

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39
Q

Condition:

  • Lateral curve w/rotational component
  • Can be congential/idiopathic
  • Can’t be corrected by positioning
  • Can cause wedge shaped vertebra
A

Structural Scoliosis

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40
Q

Condition:

  • Hx of neck or shld pain
  • Unilateral, associated pain in neck, shld, arm
  • Variable pain, moderate intensity, dependent on movement
  • NOT throbbing
A

Cervicogenic HA

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41
Q

Condition: Sudden chest pain, radiationg to back that is unrelenting (emergency situation)

A

Dissecting thoracic aneurism

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42
Q

Condition: Inflammatory response at pubic symphysis and ischial rami caused by susatined or repetitive trauma to the pubic symphysis

A

Osteitis Pubis

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43
Q

Condition:

  • C/T junction or high T-spine segments
  • Excessive kyphosis
  • vertebral bodies may become wedge shaped
A

Extension movement impairment

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44
Q

Condition: Consists of radicular pain in a dermatomal distribution in combination with N/T and motor weakness

A

Lumbar Radiculopathy

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45
Q

Condition: Subjective

  • Pain worse distally w/dermatomal pattern
  • Possible cloward sign
  • Pain can be constant
A

Cervical acute nerve root

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46
Q

Condition:

  • poor posture: hangs on ligaments/posterior pelvic tilt
  • weak or hypermobile hip/spine
  • weak gluteals and abdominal wall
  • prolapse
A

Weakness of pelvic girdle

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47
Q

Condition: Symptoms

  • Localized vauge pain
  • Back and leg pain (can be bilateral)
  • Presence of N/T and weakness in LEs
  • Cramping
A

Spinal Stenosis

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48
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Increased cervical lordosis and C/T kyphosis
  • Flattened/restricted upper T-spine
  • Minimal thoracic movement w/single arm elevation
  • Local tenderness and sx reproduced w/mobilization between T2-7
  • Local hypomobility
  • ULTT/Slump +
A

T4 Syndrome

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49
Q

Condition:

  • UE/LE weakness
  • B&B dysfunction
  • Gait disturbance
  • Due to cord compression
A

Cervical myelopathy

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50
Q

Condition: Starts as stress fx on the pars interarticularis, typically L5 followed by L4

A

Spondylolysis

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51
Q

Condition:

  • 20s-50s
  • Poorly localized dull ache in back
  • May have buttock pain
  • Increased pain in AM
  • Unloads spine from sit to stand
A

Protrusion

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52
Q

Condition:

  • > 55 yo
  • neck and arm pain
  • painful/restricted ROM
  • sensory/motor defects
  • intrinsic hand mm wasting/loss of hand dexterity
A

Cervical Stenosis

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53
Q

Condition:

Agg: neck movement, posture, position,

Ease: meds, modalities, change in posture, lying down, tx

Decreased ROM

Pattern: occipital/suboccipital

A

Cervicogenic HA

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54
Q

Condition:

  • Localized pain
  • Reduced motion w/respiration, coughing, and sneezing
  • Local mm spasm
A

Rib subluxation

Anterior = concavity of rib posteriorly

Posterior = prominence of rib posteriorly

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55
Q

Condition:

  • Pain with change in position
  • Deep shift/clunk
  • Difficulty with WB activities
  • Positive stability tests
  • Active SLR +
  • Pain provocation +/-
A

Hypermobile Pelvic Girdle

56
Q

Condition

  • Hx of reciprocal clicks that have now stopped
  • Often have limited opening range or “closed lock”
A

Anterior disc displacement WITHOUT reduction

57
Q

Condition: vertical compression resulting in massive suboccipital HA

A

Fx of posterior arch of atlas (C1)

58
Q

Condition: Symptoms

  • More distal than proximal signs i.e. radiating
  • Limited ROM and activity
  • Muscloskeletal involement is central/local
A

ANR

59
Q

Condition: no audible sound with full anterior displacement w/o reduction

A

Locked joint

60
Q

Condition: ASIS more medial and PSIS more lateral

A

Inflare

61
Q

Condition: Subjective

  • Young > Old
  • Commonly L5-S1
  • Fluctuating symptoms, rarely radiating
  • Localized pain
A

Functional Instability

62
Q

Condition

  • Severe back pain
  • SLR +
A

Possible Cauda Equina

63
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Altered posture
  • Neuro +/-
  • ROM limited by closing movements
  • Spurling +
  • Neurodyanmic testing +
A

Cervical chronic nerve root

64
Q

Condition: Subjective

  • Agg: looking down or turning head
  • Limited ADLs
  • Altered speed of movement
  • Driving, sitting, work
A

Cervical Disc Herniation

65
Q

Condition: can be seen in adults due to repeated (occupational) stress

A

Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

66
Q

Condition:

History includes: sudden onset but usually due to repetitive bending, lifting or frequent lifting, recurrent episodes

A

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

67
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Uncomfortable posture
  • Corrected posture/deformity increases pain
  • ROM only available in 1-2 motions
  • Neuro +
A

Cervical acute nerve root

68
Q

Condition: Aggravating Factors

  • WB activities: standing, single leg stance, hopping, running
  • Ascending/descending staris
  • Pain with change of position: sit to stand, moving in bed
A

SI Joint Dysfunction

69
Q

Condition:

  • Difficulty with activities requiring anterior rotation
  • ASIS posterior and superior
  • PSIS inferior
  • Functionally short leg
  • Decreased hip extension and anterior rotation
A

Posteriorly rotated ilium

70
Q

Condition: separation of the pubic bones anteriorly leads to outflaring of the iliac bones; sacrum is less tightly held and can move anteriorly

A

Pubic symphysis dislocation

71
Q

Cervical Disc Herniation: Pain at scapula, across the shld joint, posterior/lateral aspect of upper arm

A

C5-6 OR C6-7

72
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Localized pain but can refer to larger area
  • Local tenderness with palpation, stiff, thick
  • Initially hypomoble
A

Chronic Facet Joints

73
Q

Condition:

  • Loss of disc height
  • Loss of normal lordosis
  • Lateral clefts at U-joints
  • Intersegmental hypermobility/instability
A

Cervical Disc Degeneration

74
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Abnormal posture
  • Limited flex/ext
  • Painful unilateral ROM (SB or Rot)
  • Central PA pain > unilateral
  • Spurling +
A

Cervical Disc Herniation

75
Q

Condition:

Objective

  • SLR (-)
  • Thickened soft tissue
  • PAIVM increased, decreased mobility, min pain
A

Degenerative Disc Disease

76
Q

Condition: Compression of the sciatic nerve, typically presents with similar presentation to L5/S1, LBP/Buttock pain radiation now the posterior thigh/leg

A

Piriformis syndrome

77
Q

Condition: Presents with reciprocal clicks

A

Anterior disc displacement WITH reduction

78
Q

Condition: HA with redness under eyes

A

Cluster HA (vascular)

79
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Poor posture
  • limited and painful ROM
  • Painful central/unilateral PA
  • Sensory AND Motor Loss
  • Hyporeflexia
A

Spondylosis

80
Q

Condition: side to side curvature of the spine (Cobb angle) of > 10 degrees

A

Idiopathic scoliosis (more common in females)

81
Q

Condition: Symptoms

  • Unilateral pain
  • Less sharpt over the joint
  • Rarely radiates down leg
A

Chronic Facet Joint

82
Q

Condition:

  • MOI: increased neural tension, stiff joints, natural posture
  • Stiffness of C/T junction and T3-7
  • Flexion restriction
A

Flattened Upper Thoracic Spine

83
Q

Condition: Easing factors

  • Rest
  • Changing to a new position
A

Functional Instability

84
Q

Condition: defect in pars interarticularis

A

Sponylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

85
Q

Condition: Symptoms

  • Stiffness and pain in AM
  • Increased pain with stretch of joint
A

Chronic Facet Joint

86
Q

Condition: Typically occurs in vertebrae from T12-L2

A

Chance fx

87
Q

Condition:

  • Increased tone of pevlic floor mm and mm of hip and trunk
  • Mm imbalance/incoordination of hip and trunk
  • Mobility impairment of scar/CT in perinuem, inner thight, abs
  • Diaphragm tightess/poor use
  • Dysfunction of pelvic joints
  • poor posture
A

Hypertonus dysfunction

88
Q

Condition: Presents with excessive ER

A

Retroversion

89
Q

Condition: Symptoms

  • More proximal than distal
  • Minimal limitation of activity
A

CNR

90
Q

Condition: History

  • Past Acute Facet Joint
  • Never entirely symptom free
  • Trauma
  • Degeneration
A

Chronic Facet Joint

91
Q

Condition:

  • Occuring in older pt. w/degenerative changes
  • Occuring in younger pt. w/trauma
  • Inflammation due to viral or chemical
A

Cervical acute nerve root

92
Q

Condition:

Aggravating factors include

  • Extending
  • Bending
  • Sitting
  • Sit to stand
  • sustained posutre
  • sudden motion
  • end ROM
A

Degenerative Disc Disease

93
Q

Condition: Subjective

  • Constantly moving positions
  • Pain decreased when new positions reached
  • Hx of catching/locking
A

Functional Instability

94
Q

Condition:

  • Pain isolated to upper back or radiate in dermatomal pattern
  • Pain shooting around or through chest wall
  • Possible sensory deficits and neurological weakness
  • Agg: movement, deep breathing, cough/sneeze
A

Thoracic Disc Lesion

95
Q

Condition: Compression fx to the vertebral body

A

Burst Fx

96
Q

Condition:

  • First rib
  • Limited painful caudal glide
A

Superior subluxation

97
Q

Condition: wedging of multiple vertebral bodies

A

Scheuermann’s Disease

98
Q

Condition: Those with Posterolateral Disc Herniation are at high risk

A

Cauda Equina

99
Q

Condition: Transverse fx of the vertebral body right under the epiphysis, flexion and distraction fx

A

Chance Fx

100
Q

Condition:

Sx intermittent

Limited active movements

weak mm

postural changes

A

Chronic stage of MVA/whiplash

101
Q

Condition:

  • Difficulty with activities requiring posterior rotation
  • ASIS anterior and inferior
  • PSIS superior
  • Functionally long leg
  • Decreased hip flex and posterior rotation
A

Anteriorly Rotated Ilium

102
Q

Condition: Subjective

  • Dermatomal pattern, not necessarily distal
  • “Patchy” distribution
  • Usually intermittent
  • Agg: sustained flexion or movement that narrow foramen
  • Can be nagging
  • able? to sleep at night
A

Cervical chronic nerve root

103
Q

Condition:

  • 20-55 yo
  • LBP, back and leg pain
  • Associated muscle spasms +/-
A

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

104
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Localized thickness in tissues
  • Stiff segmentally
  • May report pain with OP
A

CNR

105
Q

Condition:

  • Entire ilium higher
  • ASIS/PSIS superior
  • May have decreased anterior/posterior rotation
  • Decreased hip ABD strength
A

Upslip

106
Q

Condition:

Pain as dominant complaint

Apprehensive with AROM of neck

Shld/arm movement tolerated

Dizziness with active movement

A

Acute stage of MVA/whiplash

107
Q

Condition: Localized irriation of costosternal joint/2nd rib

A

Costochondritis

108
Q

Condition:

Aggravating factors include: flexion, sitting, sit to stand, walking, sneezing, coughing

A

Posterolateral Disc Herniation

109
Q

Condition: fx of anterior and posterior arch of C1

A

Jefferson fx

110
Q

Condition:

  • Pain
  • Limited chest excursion
  • Limited spinal mobility
  • Bone scan +
A

Anklyosing Spondylitis

111
Q

Condition: boring pain to mid T-spine after eating

A

Peptic Ulcer

112
Q

Condition

  • Sensory distrubances in hand
  • Intrinsic mm wasting of hand
  • Unsteadiness during walking
  • Hyperreflexia
A

Myelopathy that has progressed to the point where surgery would be indicated

113
Q

Condition: Increased thoracic kyphosis with compensatory cervical and lumbar lordosis

A

Scheuermann’s Kyphosis

114
Q

Condition: Symptoms

  • Unilateral pain, sharp over facet
  • Increased pain with stretch/compression of joint
  • Limitation in SB and extension
A

Acute Facet Joint

115
Q

Condition: Ojective

  • Increased lumbar lordosis
  • End ROM may provoke symptoms
  • Hesitation in flexion at 30-40 degrees
  • Hinging with extension
  • Gowers +
A

Functional Instability

116
Q

Condition: Small herniation of disc material into the endplate of vertebral bodies

A

Schmoral’s nodes

117
Q

Condition: Objective

  • Poor pelvic and abdominal control
  • Central PA painful with altered end feel
  • Leg load test +
A

Functional Instability

118
Q

Condition: Pain with referred pain along the joint line and ipsilateral hip/trochanter, can also refer along posterior thigh to knee, and can resemble lumbar disc pathology

A

Sacroiliitis

119
Q

Condition: Subjective

  • Cloward sign
  • Diffuse uni/bilateral sx
  • Agg: sustained flex, quick motion, end ROM
  • Long hx of neck pain or MVA
A

Spondylosis

120
Q

Condition: Irritation/Inflammation, compression, or tension to the nerve root

A

Acute Nerve Root (ANR)

121
Q

Condition:

  • Occurs more commonly in the T-Spine
  • 20s-30s
  • Pt. unloads spine before getting up
A

Intra-Spongy Herniation

122
Q

Condition: MOI can include trauma, pregnancy, chronic L/S or hip problems, pelvic floor dysfunction

A

SI Joint dysfunction

123
Q

Condition:

History includes repeated micro trauma to annular fibers, trauma to disc, or bone spur formation

A

Degenerative Disc Disease

124
Q

Condition:

Fx of C2 pedicles with disolcation of C2 on C3

Dens migrates into brainstem

A

Hangman’s Fx

125
Q

Condition: rupture of transverse lig.; may result in cord compression

A

AA dislocation

126
Q

Condition:

  • Stiffness
  • Headache
  • Neck pain
  • UE pain
  • B “stocking glove” paresthesias
A

T4 Syndrome

127
Q

Condition:

  • Reduced costal mobility (rotation)
  • Agg: twist or reach
  • Pain: breathing, trunk rot, unilateral PA over C/T junction
  • Pain and stiffness w/rib mobility
A

Costal Joint Derangement

128
Q

Condition:

  • Hx of cancer
  • 50+ yo
  • Failure of conservative tx
  • Unexplained wt loss
A

Cancer

129
Q

Condition: Chronic irritation of nerve root/adhesion

A

Chornic Nerve Root (CNR)

130
Q

Condition:

Objective

  • ROM limited in the acute phase
  • Pain with flex/ext, OP, sustained posture
A

Degenerative Disc Disease

131
Q

Condition:

  • Middle age +
  • Stiffness at multiple levels
  • Loss of elastic end feel
  • Limited arm elevation
  • Stiff/painful accessory glides
  • Mm imbalance
A

Generalized upper/mid thoracic stiffness

132
Q

Condition:

  • MOI: Chronic neck pain, poor posture, tight scalenes
  • May cause thoracic outlet syndrome
  • Limited end range cervical rotation and shld flex
A

Elevated 1st Rib

133
Q

Condition

  • Ache in neck, shld, arm, or hand
  • N/T on inside of forearm and 4th and 5th fingers esp w/shld flex
  • Weak/clumsy hands
  • Sweeling/redness in arms/hands
  • Difficulty w/OH activities
A

Thoracic outlet syndrome

134
Q

Condition: Typically in teens due to trauma

A

Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

135
Q

Condition:

  • Unable to close mouth or “open lock”
  • Rare but can occur after prolonged dental procedures
  • Lateral pterygoid becomes overstretched
A

Posterior disc displacement

PTRS 845 Final (11 decks)

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