Conditions Flashcards
What is Arthritis?
Inflammation in joints.
See Swelling, pain, lethargy, anxiety
Can be genetic, wear over time especially from obesity or trauma
How to treat Arthritis?
Diagnosed physically, x-ray, arthroscopy
Extra padded beds, carpets to reduce slipping, weight management, therapy, supplements, raised bowls, inco pads or rearrange toilet placement.
NSAIDS, Euthanasia if no mobility is possible
What is Colitis?
Inflammation of colon
See mucus, blood and diarrhoea of stool
Causes stress, trauma, foreign digestion, endoparasite, food allergy, chronic colitis, infection
How to treat Colitis?
Diagnosed by sigmoidoscope in rectum or examine inflammation
bland diet/ no change, IVF fluids, inco pads, hygiene, bandage tail to keep out of way.
NSAIDS, worm medicine, probiotics, diet change
What is Pancreatitis?
Inflammation of pancreas
See Abdominal pain, Swollen abdomen, Abnormal posture, Diarrhoea, Vomiting, Lethargy, Fever, Restlessness, hunching, tail clamping, hyper salivation
Causes high fat diet, medication, obesity, toxic poison, genetic disorder, cancer
How to treat Pancreatitis?
Diagnosis blood test, snap test, ultrasound, x-ray
IVF treatment, Anti emetic medication, limit feeding/d, supplements, bland food, vet bed, tail bandaged/trimmed short
What is Renal Failure?
Acute renal disease - results in complete or almost complete cessation of renal function. Clinical signs occur sudden and dramatic
Chronic is renal failure for more than 2 weeks: progressive loss of renal function over times and clinical signs are slow and may go unnoticed by owners
Causes - Hypertension, congenital, acute kidney disease, tumour, bacterial infection.
See- Weight loss
Poor appetite (inappetence)
Lethargy
Increased thirst (polydypsia)
Increased urination (polyuria)
Poor coat
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Vomiting
Bad-smelling breath (halitosis)
Weakness
Anaemia
How to treat Renal failure?
Nephron damage is irreversible
Antiemetics, IVFT, “kidney diet”, Frequent blood tests, SDMA test, dialysis, Medication to target specific cause, euthanasia
What is Feline Lower UTI?
Conditions that affect the bladder and/or urethra
Symptoms -
Dysuria
Pollakuria (increased frequency - little and often)
Haematuria
Periuria (urinating in strange places)
Overgrooming
Stranguria (straining to pass due to blockage)
Behavioural changes
Causes -
Bacterial infections
Diet
Stress
Indoor cats
Obesity
Urolithiasis
Urethral plugs
Anatomical defects
Neoplasia/ Tumours
Idiopathic cystitis
How to treat Feline Lower UTI?
To diagnose:
Urinalysis (dipstick, microscopy) - Cystocentesis to rule out infection
X-ray to rule out bladder stones, tumours
Ultrasound to look for bladder stone, tumours, thickening of the bladder lining
Biopsies of the bladder wall if suspecting of a tumour
Dependent on cause-
antibiotics, Surgical removal on certain types of stones, Increase water intake, increase litter trays 2 per 1 cat, reduce stress for all urinary issues, wet food, Chemotherapy for tumours
What is Pyometra?
Open pyometra has discharge
Closed pyometra has no discharge which means its blocked inside (Higher priority)
Life threatening infection in uterus usually in adult bitches
Most common in dogs also cats
After 4-5 weeks after season when hormonal changes increase chance
See for
Pyrexia (High temp)
Lethargy
Anorexia
pd/pu
Vomit
Diarrhoea
How to treat Pyometra?
Diagnosis: X-ray, Ultrasound, Blood tests, Vaginal swab, urinalysis
IV fluid therapy for toxemia so fit for anaesthetic
Needs ovariohysterectomy(spay) - removes uterus + ovaries = Pain relief
+antibiotic but not alone
For prevention
Spay
What are fractures? What types are there?
A break in bone. Green-stick, transverse, Spiral, Communited, impacted.
How to treat fractures?
Surgery to put bones in place and use plates or pins to hold in place. Immobilizing to allow healing.
What types of common wound are there?
Abrasion = superficial only top layer of skin removed
Laceration = tearing cause with uneven edge = little blood loss high chance of infection.
Incision = clean cut from something sharp or surgical
Contusion = capillaries ruptures under skin from trauma
Puncture = small external wound tissue damage, = common from bites= pus present/infection high chance
Gunshot = small entry wound = internally
