Conditioned Reflex

Question 1

What is a conditional reflex?

Answer 1

A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that becomes associated with a specific outcome.

Question 2

True or False: A conditional reflex is innate and does not require learning.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The term ‘conditional reflex’ is often associated with the work of __________.

Answer 3

Ivan Pavlov

Question 4

What is the unconditioned stimulus (US) in Pavlov’s experiment?

Answer 4

Food

Question 5

What is the conditioned stimulus (CS) in Pavlov’s experiment?

Answer 5

The bell

Question 6

Define ‘unconditioned response’ (UR).

Answer 6

An automatic, natural reaction to an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 7

What is the conditioned response (CR) in Pavlov’s experiment?

Answer 7

Salivation in response to the bell.

Question 8

Multiple Choice: What is required for a conditional reflex to be established? A) Repetition B) Punishment C) Distraction D) None of the above

Answer 8

A) Repetition

Question 9

True or False: Conditional reflexes can be extinguished.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is the process of extinction in the context of conditional reflexes?

Answer 10

The gradual weakening of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The phenomenon where a conditioned response re-emerges after a period of rest is known as __________.

Answer 11

spontaneous recovery

Question 12

What is generalization in the context of conditional reflexes?

Answer 12

The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus.

Question 13

What is discrimination in the context of conditional reflexes?

Answer 13

The ability to distinguish between different stimuli and respond only to the conditioned stimulus.

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes a conditional reflex? A) Instinctive behavior B) Learned behavior C) Reflexive behavior D) None of the above

Answer 14

B) Learned behavior

Question 15

True or False: All reflexes are conditional reflexes.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What role does reinforcement play in conditional reflexes?

Answer 16

Reinforcement can strengthen the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: In classical conditioning, the __________ is presented before the __________.

Answer 17

conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus

Question 18

What is a key difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?

Answer 18

Classical conditioning involves associating an involuntary response with a stimulus, while operant conditioning involves associating a voluntary behavior with a consequence.

Question 19

True or False: Conditional reflexes only occur in humans.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is the significance of Pavlov’s dogs in psychology?

Answer 20

They provided foundational insights into the process of learning through association.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The __________ effect refers to the phenomenon where a conditioned response is elicited by a stimulus that is similar to the conditioned stimulus.

Answer 21

generalization

Question 22

What is the main focus of behaviorism in psychology?

Answer 22

The study of observable behaviors and the ways they’re learned.

Question 23

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of classical conditioning? A) Conditioned stimulus B) Unconditioned response C) Operant behavior D) Conditioned response

Answer 23

C) Operant behavior

Question 24

What is the role of timing in establishing a conditional reflex?

Answer 24

The conditioned stimulus must be presented shortly before the unconditioned stimulus for effective conditioning.

Question 25

True or False: A conditional reflex can be formed after just one pairing of the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.

Answer 25

True