Conditioned Reflex Flashcards
What is a conditional reflex?
A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that becomes associated with a specific outcome.
True or False: A conditional reflex is innate and does not require learning.
False
Fill in the blank: The term ‘conditional reflex’ is often associated with the work of __________.
Ivan Pavlov
What is the unconditioned stimulus (US) in Pavlov’s experiment?
Food
What is the conditioned stimulus (CS) in Pavlov’s experiment?
The bell
Define ‘unconditioned response’ (UR).
An automatic, natural reaction to an unconditioned stimulus.
What is the conditioned response (CR) in Pavlov’s experiment?
Salivation in response to the bell.
Multiple Choice: What is required for a conditional reflex to be established? A) Repetition B) Punishment C) Distraction D) None of the above
A) Repetition
True or False: Conditional reflexes can be extinguished.
True
What is the process of extinction in the context of conditional reflexes?
The gradual weakening of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.
Fill in the blank: The phenomenon where a conditioned response re-emerges after a period of rest is known as __________.
spontaneous recovery
What is generalization in the context of conditional reflexes?
The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus.
What is discrimination in the context of conditional reflexes?
The ability to distinguish between different stimuli and respond only to the conditioned stimulus.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes a conditional reflex? A) Instinctive behavior B) Learned behavior C) Reflexive behavior D) None of the above
B) Learned behavior
True or False: All reflexes are conditional reflexes.
False
What role does reinforcement play in conditional reflexes?
Reinforcement can strengthen the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response.
Fill in the blank: In classical conditioning, the __________ is presented before the __________.
conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus
What is a key difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
Classical conditioning involves associating an involuntary response with a stimulus, while operant conditioning involves associating a voluntary behavior with a consequence.
True or False: Conditional reflexes only occur in humans.
False
What is the significance of Pavlov’s dogs in psychology?
They provided foundational insights into the process of learning through association.
Fill in the blank: The __________ effect refers to the phenomenon where a conditioned response is elicited by a stimulus that is similar to the conditioned stimulus.
generalization
What is the main focus of behaviorism in psychology?
The study of observable behaviors and the ways they’re learned.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of classical conditioning? A) Conditioned stimulus B) Unconditioned response C) Operant behavior D) Conditioned response
C) Operant behavior
What is the role of timing in establishing a conditional reflex?
The conditioned stimulus must be presented shortly before the unconditioned stimulus for effective conditioning.
True or False: A conditional reflex can be formed after just one pairing of the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.
True
