Condensation and hydrolysis reactions

Question 1

Why do we need fats, proteins and carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Fats: insulation, store of energy, production of hormones, cell membrane structure
Proteins: growth and repair
Carbohydrates: energy

Question 2

What are carbohydrates 3 main groups?

Answer 2

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

Question 3

What are the properties of monosaccharides?

Answer 3

• Provides a rapid source of energy
• Readily absorbed and require little to no change for use in respiration
• can be joined by condensation reactions to form disaccharides and polysaccharides

Question 4

What are the properties of disaccharides?

Answer 4

• two single sugar units joined together via a condensation reaction
• a glycosidic bond is formed between them
• maltose is an example of a disaccharide
• disaccharides needs to be digested before they can be used to produce energy

Question 5

What are the properties of polysaccharides?

Answer 5

• three single sugar units joined together via condensation reaction
• polymers of simple sugar monomers joined by glycosidic bonds to form long chains includes starch and glycogen.

Question 6

How does condensation work?

Answer 6

Makes larger molecules by removing a water molecule

Question 7

How does hydrolysis work?

Answer 7

Breaks polymers into monomers/ larger molecules into smaller molecules with an addition of a water molecule

Question 8

What is the bond and product of carbohydrate?

Answer 8

Bond - glycosidic bond

Product - glucose

Question 9

What is the bond and product of proteins?

Answer 9

Bond - peptide

Product - amino acid

Question 10

What is the bond and product of fats?

Answer 10

Bond - ester

Product - fatty acids + glycerol