Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 yrs old)

Question 1

What are operations?

Answer 1

They are internalized mental actions (addition in head)
They improve and become stable.
They are most successful if concrete.

Question 2

What do operations apply to?

Answer 2

Conservation
Class inclusion
Relations
Social cognition

Question 3

What is conservation?

Answer 3

It is knowledge that change appearance does not change the amount.
It requires mental operations like reversibility.

Question 4

What is class inclusion?

Answer 4

It is classes or categories that can be broken into subcategories.
Parts can be separated from the whole.
Parts can be reversed to the whole and vise versa (flowers and daisies)

Question 5

What are relations?

Answer 5

The ability to draw inferences about objects based on relations between them.
Abbey is taller than Alyssa.
Alyssa is taller than Emma.
Emma is taller than Lacy,
Therefor Abbey is taller than Lacey.

Question 6

What is social cognition?

Answer 6

It is the ability to overcome limitations. It is being less egocentric in role taking and communication (but not entirely).
It is moral reasoning.
They begin to consider intentions rather than just the outcome. The Preoperational child thinks that the kid who took the cookies is bad even if it was to eat them cause he was hungry. But the concrete operational child doesn’t cause his intentions were good.
They become more aware of social relationships.
-family, peer group, society.

Question 7

Operations

Answer 7

Not all of then happen at the same time. They are gradual over time.