Conclusion Terms (chapter 18)

Question 1

Atheism

Answer 1

The belief that God does not exist

Question 2

Bourgeois

Answer 2

A term used in Marxist theory to describe those who own the means of production

Question 3

Collective Consciousness

Answer 3

The belief that everything is ultimately energy and that everyone possesses the potential to achieve divine unity with the cosmos

Question 4

Communism

Answer 4

The Marxist ideal of a classless and stateless utopian society in which all property is commonly owned and each person is paid according to his or her abilities and needs

Question 5

Consciousness

Answer 5

The belief in a divine interconnected essence of reality

Question 6

Deconstruction

Answer 6

A method of literary analysis that questions the ability of language to represent reality adequately and seeks to discern and expose the purported underlying ideologies of a text

Question 7

Dialectical Materialism

Answer 7

The belief that only the material world exists and the mechanism behind social and economic progress

Question 8

Economic Determinism

Answer 8

The belief that economics determines the entire course of human history, ultimately and inevitability leading to a communist future.

Question 9

Epistemology

Answer 9

The branch of philosophy that seeks to understand the nature of knowledge

Question 10

General Revelation

Answer 10

Gods universal revelation about himself, and morality, that can be obtained through nature

Question 11

Islamist

Answer 11

A Muslim who embraces the full application of shariah law and who views jihad as a call to conquer nonbelieving nations

Question 12

Jihadi

Answer 12

An Islamist who embraces the use of terrorism in pursuit of Jihad

Question 13

Karma

Answer 13

The belief that good is returned to those who do good, and evil is returned to those who do evil

Question 14

Legal Positivism

Answer 14

Belief that laws are rules created by human authorities and that there is no inherent or necessary connection between law and morality

Question 15

Materialism

Answer 15

The belief that reality is composed solely of matter

Question 16

Metanarrative

Answer 16

A single, overarching interpretation of grand story of reality

Question 17

Metaphysics

Answer 17

The branch of philosophy that seeks to understand the nature of ultimate reality

Question 18

Mind/Body Problem

Answer 18

The study of the relationship between the mind and the physical body

Question 19

Naturalism

Answer 19

The belief that all phenomena can be explained in terms of natural causes

Question 20

Pantheism

Answer 20

The belief that everything in the universe is ultimately divine

Question 21

Postructuralism

Answer 21

An intellectual movement that agrees with structuralism but progresses further by contending that human communication isn’t really about things but about view and motivation of those involved in the conversation

Question 22

Proletariat

Answer 22

A term used in Marxist theory to describe the working class wage earners who do not own the means of production

Question 23

Proletariat Morality

Answer 23

The belief that whatever advances the proletariat and communism is morally good and whatever hinders them is morally evil

Question 24

Self-actualization

Answer 24

A stage at which a person purportedly meets his or her full psychological potential

Question 25

Shariah law

Answer 25

Shariah law is the moral and legal code that governs the lives of Muslims

Question 26

Socialism

Answer 26

An economic system based upon governmental or communal ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods and services.

Question 27

Special Revelation

Answer 27

God’s unique revelation about himself through the Scriptures, miraculous events, and Jesus Christ

Question 28

Sphere Sovereignty

Answer 28

The belief that God ordained certain spheres of society, such as family, church and state, and that society functions best when each sphere is properly managing its own area of responsibility

Question 29

Spiritual Evolution

Answer 29

The belief that humanity is continually progressing toward higher consciousness

Question 30

Ummah

Answer 30

“Nation”, Ummah is the collective community of Muslims around the world

Question 31

Matthew 28:18-20

Answer 31

Then Jesus came to them and said, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”

Question 32

Romans 2:15

Answer 32

They show that the requirements of the law are written on their hearts, their consciences also bearing witness, and their thoughts sometimes accusing them and at other times even defending them.)

Question 33

Romans 5:6-10

Answer 33

You see, at just the right time, when we were still powerless, Christ died for the ungodly. Very rarely will anyone die for a righteous person, though for a good person someone might possibly dare to die. But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us. Since we have now been justified by his blood, how much more shall we be saved from God’s wrath through him! For if, while we were God’s enemies, we were reconciled to him through the death of his Son, how much more, having been reconciled, shall we be saved through his life!

Question 34

Romans 8:20-22

Answer 34

For the creation was subjected to frustration, not by its own choice, but by the will of the one who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself will be liberated from its bondage to decay and brought into the freedom and glory of the children of God. We know that the whole creation has been groaning as in the pains of childbirth right up to the present time.

Question 35

Romans 12:1-2

Answer 35

Therefore, I urge you, brothers and sisters, in view of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and pleasing to God—this is your true and proper worship. Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God’s will is—his good, pleasing and perfect will.
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