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Music > Concerto > Flashcards

Concerto Flashcards

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1
Q

Solo instruments in the Baroque period.

A

Violin, Cello, Recorder, Flute, Oboe, Bassoon, Trumpet and Harpsichord

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2
Q

Solo instruments of the Classical period.

A

Violin, Cello, Flute, Oboe, Bassoon, Clarinet, Trumpet, Horn, Piano

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3
Q

Solo instruments of the Romantic period.

A

Violin, Cello, Flute, Oboe, Bassoon, Clarinet, Trumpet, Horn, Piano, Viola, Trombone.

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4
Q

Who wrote concerto in the Baroque period?

A

Vivaldi, Handel, Bach, Corelli, Telemann.

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5
Q

What size orchestra would concerto in the Baroque period have?

A

-Small orchestra.
-Performed in small venues such as a room, chamber at the royal court or a church.

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6
Q

Which instrument plays a vital role in the orchestra in the Baroque period?

A

The Harpsichord.

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7
Q

What vital role does the Harpsichord play in a concerto?

A

It plays the continuo.

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8
Q

What does the Harpsichord do in Continuo?

A

This is where the left hand of the harpsichord along with the cello plays the bass line and the right hand of the harpsichord fills in the chordal harmony.

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9
Q

What is the concerto grosso?

A

It is a genre made for more than one soloist accompanied by an orchestra.

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10
Q

What are the distinctive sections that alternate in the concerto grosso?

A

One section is the Ripieno which is where everyone plays.
The other is the Concertino and this is just the solo instruments and the Continuo.

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11
Q

What is Tonality?

A

This links to keys, Chords and Harmony and refers to whether the music is Major, Minor or Chromatic or without a clear key.

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12
Q

What is the Tempo?

A

The speed of the music.

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13
Q

What is Staccato?

A

Means detached so the notes are shortened and detached from each other.

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14
Q

What is Tutti?

A

An instruction for all instruments to play.

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15
Q

What is a Ritardando (rit)?

A

An instruction for instruments to slow down.

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16
Q

What is the solo concerto?

A

This genre is written for one soloist and accompanied by an orchestra.

17
Q

Of the concerto grosso and the solo concerto which one only featured in the Baroque period?

A

Concerto Grosso.

18
Q

What is Moderato?

A

Medium tempo.

19
Q

Describe solo concertos during the Baroque period.

A

There are always passages for the orchestra [Tutti] and passages for the soloist accompanied by just the continuo.

20
Q

What is Tonic?

A

It is the first note of a major or minor scale, and the note from which a key takes it name.

21
Q

What does it mean if the music is modulated?

A

It is a change in key.

22
Q

What is a Cadence?

A

A chord progression that forms the end of a phrase.

23
Q

What is a musical sequence?

A

A sequence is a musical idea that is immediately repeated at a higher or lower pitch.

24
Q

What is Allegro?

A

Fast tempo.

25
Q

What are terraced dynamics?

A

Dynamics that change suddenly instead of gentle changes.

26
Q

What is Largo?

A

Slow tempo.

27
Q

Name some concerto composers for the Classical period.

A

Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven.

28
Q

Name at least 5 changes between the Baroque period and Classical Period.

A

-The invention of the Piano and Clarinet.
-The use of Crescendos and Diminuendos and a wider range of dynamics.
-Larger orchestra.
-More use of Woodwind and Brass.
-No use of the Continuo.
-The development of the Cadenza.
-Significant use of primary harmony chords 1, 4 and 5.

29
Q

What does Crescendo mean?

A

Gradual increase in sound.

30
Q

What does Diminuendo mean?

A

Gradual decrease in sound.

31
Q

What is a Cadenza?

A

Its an unaccompanied show piece for the soloist in a orchestra.

32
Q

What does improvise mean?

A

The process of spontaneously making more music as you perform.

32
Q

What does improvise mean?

A

The process of spontaneously making more music as you perform.

33
Q

What does Virtuoso Mean?

A

Highly skilled singer or instrumentalist capable of playing technically difficult music.

34
Q

What does Rondo mean?

A

It is a musical structure in which a musical melody repeats in other sections.

35
Q

Name some of the ways the concerto developed in the Romantic period compared to the Classical period.

A

-Concertos became far more dramatic and emotional.
-The demand on the solo instrument was far greater.
-Trumpets and horns had valves allowing for more complicated melodies.
-The piano had a wider pitch range.
-The orchestra grew significantly.
-Horns and cellos were two instruments that were often used for melodies.
-Melodies, Rhythms and Harmonies all more complex.

36
Q

Name some composers for the Romantic period.

A

Rachmaninov, Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Mendelson, Elgar, Dvorak.

37
Q

Where were Romantic concertos performed?

A

Large concert halls and large churches.

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