Concepts Of Medical Terminology And Lesson 3

Question 1

Root word: oste/o

Answer 1

BONE

Question 2

Root word: athro/o

Answer 2

JOINT

Question 3

Root word: synov/I

Answer 3

SYNOVIAL

Question 4

Root word: burs/o

Answer 4

BURSA

Question 5

Root word: crani/o

Answer 5

SKULL

Question 6

Root word: spondy/o

Answer 6

VERTEBRAE

Question 7

Root word: cost/o

Answer 7

RIB

Question 8

Axial Skeleton

Answer 8

• The Skull
• The Ribs and the Sternum
• The Spinal Column; Total 32-34 (7 Cervical, 12 Thoracic, 5 Lumbar, 5 Fused Sacrum and the Coccyx 3-5 Fused)

Question 9

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 9

• The bones of the UE and LE
• The shoulder girdle
• The pelvis

Question 10

Where is long bone found?

Answer 10

Arms, Legs, Hands, and Feet

Question 11

Structure of Long Bone

Answer 11

Diaphysis, Epiphysis, Epiphyseal Plate, Periosteum

Question 12

Diaphysis

Answer 12

Composed of compact bone tissue; the shaft of the long bone

Question 13

Epiphysis

Answer 13

Both ends are made of less dense, spongy bone tissue; the irregularly shaped end of the long bone

Question 14

Epiphyseal Plate

Answer 14

Between the diaphysis and epiphysis; The growth region of a long bone. When bone growth ceases, this area appears as the epiphyseal line.

Question 15

Periosteum

Answer 15

Thin layer of fibrous tissue that covers the outside of the bone. Nourishes and generates new bone cells growth and repair.

Question 16

Articulation

Answer 16

A joint

Question 17

Ligament

Answer 17

A strong band of connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Question 18

Bursa

Answer 18

A fluid-filled sac that reduces friction near a joint

Question 19

Osteomyelitis

Answer 19

Inflammation of bone caused by pus-forming bacteria that enters through a wound or are carried by the blood.

Question 20

Fracture

Answer 20

A break in the bone.

Question 21

Osteoporosis

Answer 21

Loss of bone mass that results in weakening of the bones. Prevention of osteoporosis includes adequate intake of calcium, weight bearing exercises, and estrogen-replacement therapy.

Question 22

Arthritis

Answer 22

Inflammation of a joint.

Question 23

Osteoarthritis (DJD:Degenerative Joint Disease)

Answer 23

1. Gradual degeneration of articular, joint cartilage due to wear and tear
2. Involves the weight bearing joints and the joint of the fingers.

Question 24

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 24

A systemic inflammatory disease of the joints that commonly appears in young adult women. May involve immunologic reactions.
1. There is an overgrowth of synovial membrane that lines the joint cavity.
2. The joint cartilage is destroyed; synovial fluid accumulates, causing swelling of the joint
3. Degeneration of the underlying bone, eventually causing fusion of the bones, ankylosis.

Question 25

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Answer 25

A chronic, progressive inflammatory disease involving the joints of the spine and surrounding soft tissue. Most common in young males. Also called rheumatoid spondylitis.

Question 26

Herniated Disk

Answer 26

The central mass (nucleus pulposos) of the disk between two vertebrae ruptures into spinal canal. Typically occurs in the lumbar and cervical regions of the spine as a result of heavy lifting or injury.

Question 27

Arthroscopy

Answer 27

Use of an arthroscope to examine the interior of a joint or to perform a surgery on the joint.

Question 28

Laminectomy

Answer 28

Excision of the posterior approach of the (lamina) of a vertebra.

Question 29

Meniscectomy

Answer 29

Removal of the crescent shaped cartilage (meniscus) of the knee joint.

Question 30

Reduction of a Fracture

Answer 30

The realignment of the broken bone

Question 31

Closed Reduction

Answer 31

If no surgery is required the reduction is described as closed.

Question 32

Open Reduction

Answer 32

If the reduction requires surgery

Question 33

ORIF

Answer 33

Open reduction, internal fixation; realignment of the broken bone during surgery with an internal fixation device placed on the bone.

Question 34

Closed or Simple Fracture

Answer 34

Simple fracture with no open wound.

Question 35

Colles

Answer 35

Fracture of the distal end of the radius

Question 36

Comminuted

Answer 36

Fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed

Question 37

Compression

Answer 37

Fracture due to force from both ends, as to a vertebrae

Question 38

Greenstick

Answer 38

One side of the bone is broken and the other side of the bone is bent

Question 39

Impacted

Answer 39

One fragment is driven into the other

Question 40

Oblique

Answer 40

Break occurs an angle across the bone; usually one fragment slips by the other

Question 41

Open

Answer 41

Fracture is associated with an open wound, or broken bone protrudes through the skin

Question 42

Pott’s

Answer 42

Fracture of the distal end of the fibula with injury to the tibial joint

Question 43

Transverse

Answer 43

A break at right angles to the long axis of the bone

Question 44

AK

Answer 44

Above knee (amputation)

Question 45

BK

Answer 45

Below knee (amputation)

Question 46

DJD

Answer 46

Degenerative Joint Disease

Question 47

Fx

Answer 47

Fracture

Question 48

HNP

Answer 48

Herniated Nucleus Pulposus

Question 49

OA

Answer 49

Osteoarthritis

Question 50

RA

Answer 50

Rheumatoid Arthritis