Concepts and Theories

Question 1

What is sociology?

Answer 1

The study of society and the science that involves social lives of people

Question 2

What are social structures?

Answer 2

Patterns of stable social interactions

Question 3

Name the 3 social structures

Answer 3

Microstructure
Macrostructure
Global Structure

Question 4

Whats an example of a microstructure?

Answer 4

face-to-face interactions

Question 5

Whats an example of a macrostructure?

Answer 5

Workplace or University

Question 6

Whats an example of a Global structure?

Answer 6

United Nations

Question 7

What is sociological imagination?

Answer 7

The ability to see connections between personal struggles and social structures

Question 8

Name the 3 origins of sociological imagination

Answer 8

Scientific Revolution
Democratic Revolution
Industrial Revolution

Question 9

Summarize Functionalism

Answer 9

Human behaviour is governed by stable patterns of social relations
- All aspects of society serve a purpose

Question 10

Summarize Conflict Theory

Answer 10

Society is in a perpetual state of conflict because of competition for limited resources
- Privileged groups seek to maintain their advantage while subordinates struggle

Question 11

Summarize Symbolic Interactionism

Answer 11

Society is a product of interactions and interpretations of individuals
- Individuals are shaped by culture and simultaneously shape culture

Question 12

Summarize Feminism

Answer 12

Gender inequality and poststructuralism

Question 13

Summarize poststructuralism

Answer 13

Challenges the existing of structures of society

Question 14

What would Functionalists think of the fashion cycle?

Answer 14

Fashion serves as a mean to distinguish individuals and rank in the social hierarchy

Question 15

What would Conflict Theory think of the fashion cycle?

Answer 15

Fashion serves as a mean for industries to profit and cause even greater class disparity

Question 16

What would Symbolic Interactionism think of the fashion cycle?

Answer 16

Fashion help express identity and culture

Question 17

What would Feminists think of the fashion cycle?

Answer 17

Fashion is a form of patriarchy

Question 18

Who coined the word sociology?

Answer 18

Auguste Comte

Question 19

Who thought of Social Darwinism

Answer 19

Herbert Spencer

Question 20

What did Karl Marx believe in?

Answer 20

Conflict Theory

Question 21

What are 2 things that Emile Durkheim believe in?

Answer 21

Functionalism and Social Solidarity

Question 22

What are 2 things that Talcott Parsons believe in?

Answer 22

Functionalism and Equilibrium
- institutions must work together to make society work

Question 23

What are 2 things that Robert Merton believe in?

Answer 23

Functionalism and Manifest and Latent functions
- social structures may have consequences and be dysfunctional

Question 24

What did Max Weber think of Conflict Theory?

Answer 24

Conflict theory doesn’t only apply to class dynamics

Question 25

What 2 other things did Marx Weber believe in?

Answer 25

Symbolic Interactionism and Protestant ethic
- hard work and values of the protestant drove capitalism

Question 26

What did Antonio Gramsci believe in?

Answer 26

Conflict Theory and Cultural Hegemony
- upper class ideologies become common sense for society and instills it on the lower class

Question 27

What 3 things did Michel Foucault believe in

Answer 27

Poststructuralism and the exercise of power is unstable
- Every social interaction is a means to show power
- Internalization - abiding to law due to fear of being watched

Question 28

What did George Herbert Mead believe in?

Answer 28

Symbolic Interactionism and that an individual’s self is formed through interactions with other people

Question 29

What did Erving Goffman believe in?

Answer 29

Symbolic Interactionism and that people present themselves to appear in the best light as possible
- social interaction = stage play