Concepts and principles of transfusion Flashcards
What is transfusion also called?
transplantation
how much should one unit of platelet pheresis increase an adults platelet count by?
20000 to 60000 platelets
what’s significant about leukocytes/ granulocytes?
the patient may not be able to control an infection without them. they are indicated for neonates due to lack of bone marrow. must be transfused in 24 hours.
how is immune globulin prepared?
from pooled plasma primarily in IgG.
what is albumin used for?
the treatment of burn patients to replace colloid pressure
what should one unit of whole blood increase?
the hematocrit level 3% or hemoglobin by 1g/dL
a dose of 10 to 15 ml/kg of red blood cells should increase what in pediatric patients?
hemoglobin by 2 to 3 g/dL or hematocrit 6 to 9 percent
what prevents graft vs host disease?
blood components are irradiated with gamma radiation procedures
HLAs are determined by a region referred to as major histocompatibility complex which is when?
contains 35 to 40 genes grouped into three regions at chromosome 6
what are the classes to the major histocompatibility complex
class 1 which encodes genes for the classic transplantation molecules HLA A, B, and C
class 2 encodes genes for the molecules HLA DR, DP, and DQ both composed of alpha and beta chains
antibodies of HLA can be divided into how many groups
2
1 that detects a single HLA gene product and 1 that detects more than one HLA gene product.
what happens if HLA and MHC molecules are not matched up?
it can lead you o a rejection of recipient blood or tissue by the donors transfused or transplanted tissue. also know as graft v host
Siblings have a what kind of chance of being HLA identical?
1 in 4
what do clerical errors represent?
the main cause of transfusion related deaths and acute hemolytic transfusion reactions
what is an example of an acute transfusion reaction?
febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction.
indicators of immediate/acute hemolytic transfusion reaction.
fever
occurs within 24 hours of transfusion.
feeling of impending doom
when does a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction occur?
after 24 hours
what is an agency involved in determining transfusion reaction policies?
CBER (center for biologic evaluation and research)
if a reaction causes a fatality, what happens?
CBER must be notified by telephone or telegraph asap. required a written report to director must follow within 7 days of investigation
